Introduction:Supernumerary teeth are the presence of more number of teeth over the normal dental formula and may occur in permanent as well as early mixed dentition. This study determined the prevalence, characteristics, and complications caused by supernumerary teeth in nonsyndromic South Indian pediatric population.Materials and Methods:Characteristics of supernumerary teeth determined by clinical and radiographic examination were recorded. The age, sex, number of supernumerary teeth, eruption status, morphology, position, orientation, and complications (if any) associated with supernumerary teeth were recorded for each patient who had supernumerary teeth. The data collected were statistically analyzed.Results:Supernumerary teeth were detected in 45 subjects (1.1%), of which 34 (75.6%) were male and 11 (24.4%) were female. There was no association between the number of supernumerary teeth and the gender of the patient. The total number of supernumerary teeth among the affected 45 patients was 54. The average number of supernumerary teeth per person was 1.2. The number of supernumerary teeth was one in 35 cases, two in 8 cases, and 3 in 1 case. Of the 45 patients, 8 patients with supernumerary teeth were in deciduous dentition stage, 29 patients were in mixed dentition stage, and 8 patients were in permanent dentition stage. Most supernumerary teeth presented in the anterior maxilla. Morphologically, conical-shaped supernumerary teeth were the most common finding. 68.5% of supernumerary teeth presented with straight orientation and inverted orientation was seen in 24.1%. Complications seen in patients with supernumerary teeth were delayed or noneruption of adjacent tooth malposition or rotation of adjacent teeth, diastema formation, and formation of dentigerous cyst.Conclusions:Supernumerary teeth have an incidence of 1.1% in South Indian population and can cause many complications that can harm the developing occlusion. Knowledge about supernumerary teeth may help the dentist in early diagnosis and early intervention.

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Introduction: Oral cancer is a major concern in developing countries. India accounts for one third of worlds oral cancer and has a high rate of oral precancer. Early detection of premalignant conditions can improve the prognosis of the disease. Objective: 1.To evaluate the prevalence of oral precancer and oral cancer among patients in south Kerala, India. 2. To evaluate the association of tobacco related oral precancer and oral cancer with abusive habits. Methods: A total number of 10999 patients, aged 20-80yrs, who visited the outpatient department of a dental college for the diagnosis of various complaints over a period of 8 months were interviewed for oral risk habits, duration and frequency of the habit and current usage of any medications. Patients were clinically examined by trained professionals. Result: The prevalence of oral precancer and cancer was seen in 1.08 % of the population. The prevalence of oral lichen planus was 0.72 % followed by leukoplakia 0.23 %, oral submucous fibrosis .072 %, oral cancer .036%, and erytroplakia .009%. Tobacco related oral lesions like leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, oral cancer, erythroplakia were more prevalent among men as compared to women. The tobacco re- lated abusive habits like smoking and chewing tobacco were more prevalent among men. Conclusion: This study provides the prevalence of oral precancer and oral cancer among patients in South Kerala. It also reinforces the association between tobacco products and tobacco related oral precancerous lesions.

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