A series of neutral nonenzymatic receptors have been synthesized for the recognition of creatinine in a nondegrative way. The receptors contain different heterocyclic moieties for better interactions between host and guest. Among these, 1, 4, and 5 are fluorescent receptors for creatinine. From this study, it was found that the receptors 1 and 4 containing the naphthyridine moiety have higher binding affinity to the guest creatinine than receptors containing other heterocyclic moiety. Theoretical studies for the calculation of binding energy were carried out using discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for the hosts and their complexation with creatinine in both gas phase and acetonitrile medium.
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