The results presents here provide the status report of the insecticide resistance/susceptibility of Cx. quinquefasciatus in major filaria endemic areas of northern India.
Purpose South Asian region is a focal point owing to its vulnerabilities to climate-sensitive diseases, dependence on climate-sensitive livelihoods, projected levels of crop decline in the region, and high rates of poverty and malnutrition. Women are particularly vulnerable to climate change and this affects women disproportionately during different extreme events. The purpose of this paper is to understand the issue of climate change and its impact, and climate resilience among women in South Asia. Further, it also identifies the gaps and suggests future policy implications. Design/methodology/approach Climate change is increasingly being recognised as an alarming issue and the present review is important when South Asian countries are facing the brunt of climate change impacts. This paper tries to understand the issue by review of the literature and conceptual framework methodology. To understand women’s vulnerability due to climate change and its aftermath, the authors conducted both offline and online desk reviews for this study. Findings The findings of this study show a clear linkage between climate change and women’s vulnerabilities in South Asia. Climate change has significant socio-economic impacts on women, and it affects them disproportionately in various domains of agriculture, livelihood, food security, both physical and mental health, water and sanitation in the South Asia region. Practical implications The paper also highlights that the programmes that aim at combating the effects of climate change require a gender-sensitive approach so that climate change does not obstruct the development and reduction of poverty in the region. Social implications The findings of this paper will add value in helping families to come out of poverty by undertaking adaptive measures with proactive assistance from the government and grassroots level organisations. Originality/value The present study also advocates for more gender- and climate-sensitive measures from governments, and implementation of intervention- and evidence-based research in the South Asian countries.
Vector borne diseases are a major public health problem in India. Dengue is endemic in almost all states and union territories. Aedes mosquitoes are known to transmit Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika virus and Yellow fever diseases to man in both rural and urban areas. Dengue has been restricted to urban area, but it has now spread to rural and tribal areas. An entomological survey was undertaken at selected villages of three Blocks of Pakur district i.e. Pakur, Maheshpur and Amarpada of Jharkhand to know the potential for the transmission of Dengue/Chikungunya, Zika virus and Yellow fever and thereby undertaking surveys of breeding places of the vector species in these area by assessing the vector indices i.e. House Index (HI), Breteau Index (BI) and Container Index (CI) along with virus antigen detection. The entomological indices of G aneshpura, Datiapokhar and Longbahra villages of Maheshpur block recorded very high i.e. HI-28.5, 15.0 & 10.0; BI-34.2, 15.0 & 10.0 and CI-11.8, 8.8 & 4.8 respectively. The entomological indices of Pakur block, villages Jamsherpur, Malipada and Gopinathpur showed HI-7.3, 3.3 & 2.3; BI-7.3, 3.3 & 2.3 and CI-3.5, 1.5 & 1.3 respectively. The entomological indices of Amarpada block, villages-Jagjitpur, Ambajora and Pakudh showed HI-6.6, 0.0 & 0.0; BI-6.6, 0.0 & 0.0; and CI-2.5, 0.0 & 0.00 respectively. However, surveys revealed highest vector indices at Maheshpur block, followed by Pakur block and Amarpada block. Local health authorities of Maheshpur, Pakur and Amarpada blocks need to take cognizance of these facts with the presence of breeding potential areas and to develop micro action plan for appropriate vector control measures along with vector surveillance on regular basis.
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