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Osteosarcoma is the malignant bone sarcoma that is characterized by widespread genomic disruption and the inclination for metastatic spread. Early detection of osteosarcoma increases the survival rate. Various osteosarcoma detection methods are adopted to detect osteosarcoma at an early stage, but evaluating the slides under the microscope to find the degree of tumor necrosis and tumor result is a major challenge in the medical sector. Hence, an effective detection method is developed using the proposed Fractional-Harris Hawks Optimization-based Generative Adversarial Network (F-HHO-based GAN) for detecting osteosarcoma at an early stage. Here, the proposed F-HHO is designed by the integration of Fractional Calculus and HHO, respectively. Accordingly, the classification of viable tumor, nontumor, and the necrotic tumor is carried out by GAN using the histology image slides. GAN is used to perform osteosarcoma detection based on the features extracted from the image through the process of cell segmentation. The training process of GAN is done using the proposed F-HHO algorithm. However, the proposed F-HHO obtained better performance using the metrics, namely, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with the values of 98%, 98%, and 98% for training percentage and 96.282%, 97.552%, and 95.651% for K-fold, respectively.

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Automatic detection of solar array faults reduces maintenance costs and increases efficiency.In this paper, we address the problem of fault detection, localization, and classification in utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) arrays using machine learning methods. More specifically, we develop a series of customized neural networks for detection and classification of solar array faults. We evaluate fault detection and classification using metrics such as accuracy, confusion matrices, and the Risk Priority Number (RPN). We examine and assess the use of customized neural networks with dropout regularizers. We develop and evaluate neural network pruning strategies and illustrate the trade-off between fault classification model accuracy and algorithm complexity. Our approach promises to elevate the performance and robustness of PV arrays and compares favorably against existing methods.

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