SUMMARYThe active shape model (ASM) has been widely adopted by automated bone segmentation approaches for radiographic images. In radiographic images of the distal radius, multiple edges are often observed in the near vicinity of the bone, typically caused by the presence of thin soft tissue. The presence of multiple edges decreases the segmentation accuracy when segmenting the distal radius using ASM. In this paper, we propose an enhanced distal radius segmentation method that makes use of a modified version of ASM, reducing the number of segmentation errors. To mitigate segmentation errors, the proposed method emphasizes the presence of the bone edge and downplays the presence of a soft tissue edge by making use of Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). To verify the effectiveness of the proposed segmentation method, experiments were performed with 30 distal radius patient images. For the images used, compared to ASM-based segmentation, the proposed method improves the segmentation accuracy with 47.4% (from 0.974 mm to 0.512 mm).
Microcalcification detection in a mammogram is an effective method to find the early stage of breast tumor. Especially, computer aided diagnosis (CAD) improves the working performance of radiologists and doctors as it offers an efficient microcalcification detection. In this paper, we propose a microcalcification detection system which consists of three modules; coarse detection, clustering, and fine detection module. The coarse detection module finds candidate pixels from an entire mammogram which are suspected as a part of a microcalcification. The module not only extracts two median contrast features and two contrast-to-noise ratio features, but also categorizes the candidate pixels with a linear kernel-based SVM classifier. Then, the clustering module forms the candidate pixels into regions of interest (ROI) using a region growing algorithm. The objective of the fine detection module is to decide whether the corresponding region classifies as a microcalcification or not. Eleven features including distribution, variance, gradient, and various edge components are extracted from the clustered ROIs and are fed into a radial basis function-based SVM classifier to determine the microcalcification. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed microcalcification detection system, the experiments are performed with full-field digital mammogram (FFDM). We also compare its detection performance with an ANN-based detection system.
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