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This study investigated the effect of diets supplemented with different levels (0, 1, 3, and 5 %) of turmeric Curcuma longa L. powder (TP) on the body composition of black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. Fish weighing 10.05±0.44 g were fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Adding TP decreased crude lipid levels and increased crude protein and ash levels. Abundant fatty acids in the TP-added group were C16:0, C18:1 n-9 (cis), and C22:6 n-3. The major amino acids in samples were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, leucine, alanine, lysine, and arginine.

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Neuropeptides play a central role in the regulation of reproduction, growth, development, and various other physiological processes. In our study, 26 neuropeptide precursors were identified from the pleuropedal and cerebral ganglia of Pacific abalone using transcriptome analysis. Of them, two (neuromacin and neuroglian) were potentially novel and two (myomodulin and FMRFamide) were involved in the reproductive regulation of mollusks. A BLAST search indicated that most of these neuropeptides exhibited the highest homologies with neuropeptides of other protostomian species. Myomodulin, FMRFamide, and molluscan insulin-related peptides shared 87%, 72%, and 88% sequence identities with homologous peptides of the tropical gastropod mollusk, Haliotis asinina. In silico analysis revealed that these identified neuropeptide precursors were likely to be extracellular secreted proteins. Alignment of multiple cerebrin, FFamide, and insulin-related peptide sequences illustrated that most of their biologically active residues were highly conserved with other invertebrate homologous neuropeptide residues. Three-dimensional (3D) structures of adipokinetic hormone, allatostain (A, B, and C), allatotropin, cerebrin, clionin, conopressin, elevenin, and neuromycin precursors in H. discus hannai exhibited a helix-loophelix structure. Based on phylogenetic analysis, buccalin A1 and A2, allatostain B, and FCAP neuropeptide precursors of Pacific abalone formed a clade with other gastropod and bivalve mollusks neuropeptide precursors. This study provides a novel insight for further functional studies of abalone and other gastropod mollusks.