The aim of this study was to compare the effects of triamcinolone (TA)- and saline-soaked biodegradable nasal dressing on subjective symptoms, wound healing and improvement of olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) after undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The study was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. A total of 80 patients undergoing bilateral ESS for CRSwNP were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups. Nasal dressing was impregnated with normal saline in the control group, while patients received triamcinolone-impregnated dressing in the TA group. Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) and Korean Version of the Sniffin' Stick (KVSS) II test were used to assess the patients' condition preoperatively and at postoperative 1 and 3 months. Lund-Kennedy (L-K) and perioperative sinus endoscopy (POSE) scores were assessed on postoperative months 1, 2, and 3. There were significant differences between the control group and the TA group in terms of postoperative L-K scores and POSE scores at 1 and 2 months. The postoperative endoscopic scores were significantly decreased in the TA group compared to the control at 1 month. Olfactory functions were significantly improved at postoperative 3 months (p = 0.0099) compared to the preoperative score in the TA group. Significant improvement in the olfactory functions among anosmic and hyposmic patients at postoperative 1 month (p = 0.0475) and 3 months (p = 0.0019) compared to their preoperative olfactory function score was observed only in the TA group. TA-impregnated dressing had a significant advantage over saline-soaked dressing with regard to postoperative wound healing and improvement of olfactory function.
BACKGROUND
This study was explored regarding the utilization of virtual reality (VR) technology to enhance the effectiveness and duration of low-intensity movements and postures in Pilates-derived exercises. Therefore, leveraging the immersive nature of VR, we postulate that individuals can engage in these exercises for longer periods while maintaining a high level of immersion.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in posture maintenance and flow between VR Pilates training and conventional Pilates training, and the correlation between the two factors.
METHODS
The volunteers were equally divided into two groups. The volunteers of each group received either an 11-min VR training or an 11-min conventional training and were switched to the other group after a 2-day wash-out period. Each session comprises a 3-minute warm-up, a 5-min main training and a 3-min cool-down. The volunteers performed all the movements, which was recorded on video. Then, they were evaluated for the measurement of flow on a self-reported questionnaire.
RESULTS
There was a significant difference in the duration of posture maintenance between the VR training group and the conventional training group (p < 0.05). The degree of flow was 5.45 0.64 in the VR training group and 3.16 0.95 in the conventional training group. This suggests that the degree of flow was significantly higher in the VR training group as compared with the conventional training group (t = 8.990; p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the duration of posture maintenance and the flow in the VR training group (p < 0.05), but this was not seen in the conventional training group.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, our results indicate that the VR Pilates training might be more useful in improving the duration of posture maintenance and causing a significantly higher degree of flow as compared with the conventional Pilates training.
CLINICALTRIAL
Not applicable
Volcanic eruptions can generate a variety of serious harm. Damage caused by ash affect many areas and several fields locally . In this study, preparation for domestic influx capable Baekdu explosion of ash set the management standards for the mitigation of forestry field corresponding to the primary industries in the industrial activity. Management objective establish research method through current state of forestry research method and domestic and foreign damage case investigation. Damage typify through research method and draw a conclusion from management standard. Management object divide into forest products and forestry equipments. So management standard suggest that end user can easily use. As a result, damage control to minimizing by prompt and appropriate response through management standards when ash disaster occurred.
This paper constructed the single country sequential dynamic CGE model to analyze the economic impacts of subsidizing water industry under the GHG emission abatement policy in Korea. We introduced the carbon tax to reduce the GHG emission and made two scenarios. One is to transfer the total tax revenue to household. The other is to mix the tax transfer and water industry support. Our Simulation results show that the macroeconomic effects might be positive by subsidizing water industry compared with the pure tax transfer. However, the support of water industry doesn't contribute to head for the non-energy intensive economy because it's economic activity highly depend on fossil energy and energy intensive products as intermediate demand. This means that it is important to make efforts on the cost effective measures such as energy technology progress, alternative energy development, and energy efficiency improvement in water industry against climate change policy.
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