Provider (PCP) program. They were randomized into either a UAV group or a non UAV group. The study scenario was based on a highway accident involving ten vehicles with seven hazards. Each group was given a 60 minute lecture on UAV technology, and a 30 minute lecture on hazards. Each subject entered the scene after receiving a brief narrative. Having been informed that there were 7 hazards to be identified, the UAV group remained at the UAV ground station while the non UAV group was able to approach the scene. After identifying all hazards, the time to identification and order was recorded. Primary outcome measures were the difference in time to identification, and difference in identification order. Results: The mean time (SD, range) to identify the hazards were 3'68" (1.62, 1'48"-6'48") and 2'43" (0.92, 1'43"-4'38") in UAV and non UAV groups respectively, corresponding to a mean difference of 58" (P = 0.11). A non parametric permutation test showed a significant (P = 0.04) difference in the hazard identification order driven by two hazards, fuel and workplace hazardous material information system placard. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that there is a statistical difference in the identification order of hazards. Interestingly, preliminary results were unable to identify a difference in time to hazard identification. Study/Objective: The study objective is to make the basis of a chemical emergency medical information system. Background: There are many database sets and websites which provide chemical databases in chemical accidents, but they don't have adequate roles for emergency medical support in Korea. Methods: We reviewed the database sets and websites, which provide chemical database and emergency medical records in prehospital transport to hospitals. After an analysis was done, an adequate database set was proposed, and the algorithm for elicitation of chemicals suitable for emergency medical support, accident cases. Results: By four steps of elicitation of chemicals, the number of chemicals of more than 100,000 was decreased to less than 1,000. The standard steps were accident preparedness, toxicity, and circulating amounts. We made an algorithm for the elicitation of chemicals. Study/Objective: To determine the nationwide current status of hospital awareness in emergency and disaster preparedness. Background: Hospital awareness and preparedness is the cornerstone for community health management in emergency and disaster as it plays a critical role in taking care of injured patients. To assess the current system is the first necessary step to improve hospital readiness for emergency and disaster. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to every provincial, general, and university hospital in Thailand. The data were extracted and reported as number and percentage. Single logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors related to hospital preparedness. Values were significant when P < .05. ConclusionResults: The questionnaire response rate was 112/119 (94%) from hospitals in every province...
Background: First-onset seizures are not a diagnosis per se but may be a harbinger of a potentially life-threatening underlying illness. The aim of this pilot study was to describe the pattern of presentation of adults presenting with a first-onset seizure to the emergency department (ED). Methods: Medical records of patients >18 years who presented over a 6-month period (November 2016 to May 2017) to the study centre with a first-episode seizure were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 60 patients, with a median age of 37.4 years (IQR; 29.3-47.7 years) presented with first-onset seizures over the study period. The median time to ED presentation after a seizure episode was 120 min (IQR; 51-244 min). More than half the number of subjects (58.3%) were male, 28.3% were HIV positive, 84.2% had a generalized tonic-clonic seizure and 56.7% required admission. A decrease in the level of consciousness, foaming around the mouth, tongue biting and urinary incontinence were evident in 76.7%, 36.7%, 31.7% and 33.3% of subjects, respectively. Hypoglycaemia (26.7%), ring-enhancing space occupying lesion/s (16.7%) and cerebrovascular infarction (11.7%) accounted for approximately two-thirds of causes of first-episode seizures. Long-acting anticonvulsants were administered to 66.7% of subjects in the ED and prescribed to 53.3% of subjects upon hospital discharge. Conclusion: Hypoglycaemia and intracranial pathologies are common causes of first-episode seizures that must be considered in all patients. The late presentation of patients to the ED in this pilot study is a major concern. Due to the high prevalence of HIV in South Africa, there is a need to develop local guidelines on the management of first-presentation seizures in HIV-positive as well as HIV-negative patients.
Background: First-onset seizures are not a diagnosis per se but may be a harbinger of a potentially life-threatening underlying illness. The aim of this pilot study was to describe the pattern of presentation of adults presenting with a first-onset seizure to the emergency department (ED). Methods: Medical records of patients >18 years who presented over a 6-month period (November 2016 to May 2017) to the study centre with a first-episode seizure were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 60 patients, with a median age of 37.4 years (IQR; 29.3-47.7 years) presented with first-onset seizures over the study period. The median time to ED presentation after a seizure episode was 120 min (IQR; 51-244 min). More than half the number of subjects (58.3%) were male, 28.3% were HIV positive, 84.2% had a generalized tonic-clonic seizure and 56.7% required admission. A decrease in the level of consciousness, foaming around the mouth, tongue biting and urinary incontinence were evident in 76.7%, 36.7%, 31.7% and 33.3% of subjects, respectively. Hypoglycaemia (26.7%), ring-enhancing space occupying lesion/s (16.7%) and cerebrovascular infarction (11.7%) accounted for approximately two-thirds of causes of first-episode seizures. Long-acting anticonvulsants were administered to 66.7% of subjects in the ED and prescribed to 53.3% of subjects upon hospital discharge. Conclusion: Hypoglycaemia and intracranial pathologies are common causes of first-episode seizures that must be considered in all patients. The late presentation of patients to the ED in this pilot study is a major concern. Due to the high prevalence of HIV in South Africa, there is a need to develop local guidelines on the management of first-presentation seizures in HIV-positive as well as HIV-negative patients.
according to predefined eligibility criteria. Included items were read and results were compiled and summarized. Results: In a total of 64 included items, 34 were published between 2013-2016. The most studied events were Germany's Love Parade stampede in 2010 (n = 6) and the UK Hillsborough stadium stampede in 1989 (n = 4). The literature retrieved was from a wide range of different disciplines. Conflicting definitions of human stampedes were found. The common belief that they result from an irrational and panicking crowd has progressively been replaced by studies suggesting that successive systemic failures are the main underlying causes. Stampedes are not reported in global disaster databases, making unusual sources like news reports often the only information available. Prevention measures are to date mainly related to crowd management and venue design, but their effectiveness has not been studied. Best practices for preparedness and response are not consensual. Conclusion: Stampedes are a complex phenomenon that remains incompletely understood, hampering formulation of evidence-based strategies for their management. Many of the findings come from high-profile events and are difficult to extrapolate to other settings. More research from different disciplines is warranted to address these gaps in the knowledge in order to prevent and mitigate future events. A start would be to agree on a commonly accepted definition of stampedes. Study/Objective: To identify the epidemiological spread of athletes, the injuries and medical conditions they present with, to assess the level of preparedness and organization of the medical care at the event, and how the medical preparedness coped with the surge at the medical tent. Background: Marathons and ultra-marathons have become increasingly popular in Nigeria and other developing countries. Participants are more dedicated, investing time and effort to prepare and compete. As the field increases, so do the types of injuries and medical conditions that present to the medical tent on event day. As a result, a lot more goes into preparation and medical capacity for these events. Methods: A mass gathering matrix will be applied to the event demographics to assess the projected need for the event. Actual preparedness on the ground will be assessed and studied. All athletes entering the medical tent, picked up along the route, or taken directly to hospital will be triaged and a questionnaire applied to them. Results: Musculoskeletal injuries, dermatological, respiratory problems, collapse and hypotension have been shown to be common problems in marathon runners. The result should clarify, if this is so in marathons in Nigeria. Organization of medical coverage of these events needs to be well coordinated and staffed to be effective. The matrix will help organizers have a baseline or template for proper preparation. Conclusion: The epidemiology of marathon injuries may follow conventional events, but a proper understanding of this will aid proper preparation for the event and organiz...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.