A 4-year-old, neutered female Cocker Spaniel was presented to the veterinary clinic for protrusion of the left third eyelid. When the third eyelids from both eyes were everted, lobulated masses were present on the bulbar surface. The left third eyelid had a larger protrusion. There was no apparent associated ocular or systemic involvement. The tumor of left third eyelid was removed and referred for histological examination. Histologically, there were proliferations of lymphoid follicles surrounded by lymphoid cells forming a marginal zone. Those lymphoid cells occasionally infiltrated into conjunctival epithelium. A few apoptotic bodies with karyopyknotic and karyorrhexic nuclei were observed in the germinal center of lymphoid follicles. Mitotic figures were rare. On immunohistochemistry, tumor cells expressed CD79a but not CD3. A diagnosis of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of the third eyelid was established based on the histological and immunophenotypical features. At the 1-year follow-up, there was no evidence of recurrence of the mass at the area of excision of the left third eyelid and the remaining tumor of the right third eyelid was still a similar size. The dog still showed no significant findings, except those of the tumor, and no evidence of systemic involvement. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of MALT lymphoma of the third eyelid in a dog.
Two new quinolinone alkaloids and 13 known compounds were isolated from chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb) honey. Two new compounds were determined to be 3-dihydro-spiro[2(1H),3'(1'H)-diquinoline]-3',4,4'-trione (spirodiquinolinone) and 3-(2'-piperidine)-kynurenic acid. In addition, 2,3-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinazolin-5(1H)-one was identified for the first time from nature. In addition, 2,3-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinazolin-5(1H)-one was newly identified from chestnut honey, although this compound has been synthesized before. The structures were determined by the NMR and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS). Three compounds were qualified and quantitated in chestnut honey by selective multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection of LC-ESI-MS using the isolated compounds as external standards.
The present one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental study verified the effects of a dementia family support program on the families' attitude towards dementia, desire for institutionalization, caregiving behavior and caregiving burden. 11 subjects, who were registered as family members of dementia patients in two dementia institutions in Gyeonggido and wanted to participate in the support program, were included in the program and surveyed from July 1 to September 30, 2016. The program was offered to the families of dementia patients for two hours weekly for six weeks and dealt with understanding dementia, self-healing, communication, living happily, living together and planning the future. The Dementia Attitudes Scale (DAS), the Desire to Institutionalization Questionnaire(DIQ), the Modified Conflict Tactics Scale for caregiving behavior, and the Short Zarit Burden Inventory(S-ZBI) for caregiving burden were used as instruments. The participants' attitude towards dementia, caregiving behavior and caregiving burden were statistically insignificant, whereas their attitude towards and knowledge on dementia ( There was a statistically significant decrease in the desire for institutionalization (t=4.18, p=.002). These findings indicated the support program relieved the dementia families of the caregiving burden and exerted positive effects on the caregiving behavior and the attitude towards dementia of families caring for dementia patients. Also, the program decreased the desire for institutionalization of dementia patients, which in turn increased the possibility for them to live with their families at home. Hence, it is necessary to conduct further studies with larger samples so as to formulate support programs
This study is a qualitative study using the content analysis method to explore the essence of the alternative practice experience in educational institutions of the formal caregiver training course due to COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for improving the quality of nursing care worker training and practical application by identifying the experiences of the formal caregiver trainees in alternative practical training at the educational institutions due to COVID-19. The participants were 15 trainees (female, 13; male, 2) of formal caregivers who completed alternative education within the last one year at the nursing care worker training centers located in G and N cities and recruited through snowball sampling. Data collection was conducted through a focus group interview with a structured questionnaire, and the interview data was analyzed through a qualitative content analysis method. Results of the study revealed that four categories were derived: 『Effective education to verify theories』, 『Limited practice education』, 『Regret for not being able to experience various kinds of care』, 『Fear of field work that has not been experienced』. Based on the research results, in the future, alternative practice education in formal caregiver trainee educational institutions needs to improve the quality of practice by developing various contents and expanding the practice time, and systemic supplementation that allows various practice even in limited situations is necessary. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen and review the education so that theory and practice can match the care field.
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