No abstract

Lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest and significant manifestations of local as well as systemic ailments, especially malignancies. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) helps in diagnosing the disease itself, in general, but more importantly ruling out malignancy, in particular. Hence it saves much of the cost and use of resources incurred with excision biopsy of such lymph nodes. This prompted us to study the cytologic patterns of lymphadenopathy in our setting and the diagnostic utility of FNAC in the evaluation of lymphadenopathy. In this retrospective observational study, 1,579 patients (953 males and 626 females) with lymphadenopathy who were subjected to FNAC over a period of three years (January 2009 to December 2011) were studied. The cervical region was involved in most of the cases (76%) followed by the axillary region (17.5%). Metastatic malignancy (38.2%) was the commonest cause of lymphadenopathy followed by reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (36.9%), tuberculosis (9.1%) and lymphomas (8.6%). Squamous cell carcinoma (32.2%) followed by adenocarcinoma (21.9%) were the most frequent metastatic tumors. FNAC is a useful diagnostic tool in the management of patients presenting with lymphadenopathy and should be considered before more invasive and costly procedures are performed, particularly in developing countries.

Glomus tumor, a benign neoplastic proliferation of modified smooth muscle cells characteristically occurs in a digital subungual location and presents with localised pain. Extra-digital locations that have been described so far include bone, tongue, stomach, rectum, lung, mediastinum, sacrum, coccyx and head and neck areas. Though the histology of glomus tumor is very characteristic, cytological features are poorly defined. Less than ten cases describing cytologic features have been reported so far. We present a case of glomus tumor of the knee joint detected on fine needle aspiration and confirmed later on histopathology, in a 55-year-old male. JMS 2011;14(2):71-73

Background: Lymphadenopathy is a common presentation in both benign and malignant diseases which need to be diagnosed without delay. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) helps us diagnose a disease and follow its course, including the response to therapy. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features of metastatic lymphadenopathy and the diagnostic utility of FNAC in our setting. Materials and Methods: This two-year prospective study included all the patients with metastatic lymphadenopathy, diagnosed with FNAC. Results: A total of 412 cases (male:female ratio, 1.3:1; age range, 3 to 90 years) were studied. Supraclavicular lymph nodes were involved most commonly (50.5%). The commonest metastatic tumor was squamous cell carcinoma in general (30.1%) and in males (37.6%), and infiltrating ductal carcinoma (25.3%) in females. Lung, with 64 (15.5%) cases followed by esophagus, 60 (14.6%) cases; breast, 49 (11.9%) cases; skin, 32 (7.8%) cases; and stomach, 25 (6.1%) cases were the most common primary sites of malignancy. In 69 patients, excision biopsy was performed. Histopathological findings correlated well with that of cytology in all these cases. Conclusions: FNAC is an important tool in the diagnostic work up of metastatic lymphadenopathy, which in the hands of an experienced and skilful cytopathologist can avoid the need for excision biopsy.

Aims: This study aims to assess the clinicopathological features, treatment, recurrence pattern, survival, and prognostic factors in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 64 patients with EC who were diagnosed and treated at our institute from January 2010 to December 2013 and were followed till December end 2019. Survival analysis was done using Kaplan–Meier estimates and significance between curves by using the log-rank test. Results: The mean age of diagnosis was 60 years. The most common complaint was vaginal bleeding (75%). More than half of the patients (52.6%) had high body mass index (BMI). The majority of patients underwent surgery (90.7%) and had the early-stage disease (Stage I in 82.9%). During a median follow-up of 79 months (range: 4–100 months), 18.8% of patients experienced recurrence and vaginal vault (33.3%) was the most common site for recurrence. The 5-year disease-free survival was 83% and the 5-year overall survival was 84.7%. Elderly age, high BMI, advanced disease stage, more than 50% of myometrial invasion, nonendometrioid histology, Grade II and Grade III tumors, lymphovascular space invasion, and lymph node involvement adversely affected long-term survival. Conclusion: EC is mainly a disease of postmenopausal women, and most of them are diagnosed at an early stage and have good survival outcomes.