The skeletal presence of 1,3-azoles in a variety of bioactive natural products, pharmacophores, and organic materials demands the derivatization of such heteroarenes regioselectively. Plenty of cross-coupling as well as cyclocondensation reactions have been performed to build up these skeletons but remained commercially unrealizable. A couple of severe drawbacks are faced by these traditional protocols that require a more straightforward strategy to obviate them. Transition metal-catalyzed CÀ H functionaliza-tion has emerged as a superior alternative in that context. 1,3-Azoles and their benzo counterparts have been extensively functionalized exploiting both noble and earth-abundant transition metals. Lately, C-2 functionalization have gained much traction due to the ease of attaining high regioselectivity and installation of synthetically manipulative functionalities. This critical review presents a bird's eye view of all major C-2 functionalization of (benz)azoles catalyzed by a diverse set of metals performed over the past 15 years.
Aryl rings are frequently found at the core of numerous omnipresent molecules and facile synthesis of these microscopic grains is of major interest in the scientific community and industry. Although multiple strategies enable access to those skeletons, the inclusion of metal-catalyzed C-H activation makes it most promising due to its remarkable efficiency. Commercially available organoborons, a prominent arylating partner in the cross-coupling domain, have transcended to the direct arylation segment as well. Decent stability of these reagents helps in avoiding delicate conditions, assuring regioselectivity, chemodivergence, cost-efficiency, and atom-economy. This critical, concise review presents a summary of all major studies of arylation using organoborons in transition metal catalysis, communicated within the 15 years.
Transition metal‐catalyzed C−H functionalization has emerged as a promising strategy for the synthesis of 1,3‐azoles, a common motive in bioactive natural products, pharmacophores, and organic materials. Noble as well as earth‐abundant transition metals have been used for the functionalization of 1,3‐azoles and their benzo counterpart with a special focus on C‐2 functionalization. Read more about C‐2 functionalization of (benz)azoles catalyzed by a diverse set of metals in the Review by D. Maiti et al on page 10533 ff.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.