This research into the development of high compressive strength brick reports the experiment of the high compressive strength brick made out of alumina and rice husk ash with the following ratios: 40:60, 50:40, 60:40, 70:30 and 80:20, with 10% or 15% of sodium silicate according to weight. The burning temperature was set at 1,000 °C and 1,200 °C. It was found that in term of density, the brick with the ratio of 80:20 with 15% of sodium silicate yielded the highest density with 3.3 g/ cm3. As for the compressive strength, the brick with the ratio of 80:20 with 10% of sodium silicate burned at 1,200 °C yielded the compressive strength of 528 kg/cm2. The brick with the ratio of 80:20 with 10% of sodium silicate had the lowest absorption of 15.68%. As for the shrinkage, the brick with the ratio of 40:60 with 10% of sodium silicate had the highest shrinkage of 1.98%.
Fluidized beds are widely used in many industries since they are effective in mixing process. The distinct element method (DEM) has recently received more attention for investigating the phenomena of multiphase flow because the technique is effective in gathering detailed information on the complex phenomena without physically disturbing the flows. A CFD-DEM model has been developed for calculating the minimum fluidization velocity and particle mixing in a two-dimensional fluidized bed. In this research, the inlet area on the particle mixing was investigated. From the result, it was indicated that the developed CFD-DEM model was performed adequately in predicting the phenomena in a two dimensional fluidized bed. The minimum fluidization velocity predicted by the developed model agreed well with the theory and correlation of Grace. Based on Lacey mixing index, it was found that the mixing index increased with an increase in time and superficial gas velocity. In addition, the inlet area of 20% gave a good mixing.
Thailand is an agricultural country with several agro-industrial by-products that can be processed into fuels. Although producing ethanol from agro-industrial by-products is an interesting option, the process of distilling ethanol from fermented agricultural products requires a high temperature to increase the ethanol concentration from 10% to 95%. In this research, solar ethanol distillation equipment incorporating a solar parabolic collector with a vacuum heat absorber tube to increase efficiency by reducing heat loss was designed and developed. An electronic device was used to control the distillation process, maintain the required temperature, and make suitable adjustments to the solar radiation acceptance angles of the parabolic solar collector. Ethanol dilution at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%, and Sato (Thai Rice Wine) were used as the reactant in the distillation process. The result of distilling ethanol distillation with a semi-automatic control using a vacuum-tube parabolic solar collector showed that the thermal efficiency of the receiver was 12.61%, 13.93%, 18.58%, and 17.40%, respectively. The thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger was 11.27%, 10.76%, 13.35%, and 12.35%, respectively. The final concentration of ethanol was 67%, 76%, 82%, and 80%, respectively, and the amount of the distilled ethanol was 330 mL, 352 mL, 398 mL, and 360 mL, respectively.
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