Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media. The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids. Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.
The use of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is one of the most effective techniques to improve fertility of sandy coastal lands. The purpose of this research was to obtain the most effective isolate of PGPR for the growth of three shallot cultivars in the sandy coastal land. The research was conducted in August-November 2015 at Samas sandy coastal land, Bantul. The two-factor treatments were assigned in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was shallot cultivars, consisted of Crok, Tiron, and Tuk-tuk, while the second factor was the PGPR suspension, i.e. control (without PGPR), PGPR BP25.2 isolate (Bacillus methylotrophicus), BP25.6 isolate (Bacillus amyloliquofaciens), BP25.7 isolate (Bacillus subtilis), BrSM 4 isolate (Burkholderia cepacia), and BrSG 5 isolate (Burkholderia seminalis). The results showed that all PGPR isolates tested had the ability to produce IAA, with the highest amount of IAA concentration produced by BrSG 5 isolate (Burkholderia seminalis) combined with the three cultivars (22.46 mg kg-1, 28.61 mg kg-1, 41.41 mg kg-1). BP25.2 isolate (Bacillus methylotrophicus) effectively induced N (0.05%), whereas BP25.7 isolate (Bacillus subtilis) effectively induced P (0.22 ppm).Keywords: Bacillus, bacteria, marginal land
Wamena sebagai salah satu sentra pertanian organik di wilayah Indonesia Timur yang memiliki potensi yang cukup besar dalam pengembangan sektor pertanian, khususnya pengembangan tanaman pangan dan hortikultura. Seiring dengan itu, saat ini telah meningkat dengan pesat pola pertanian organik mulai menjadi idola dalam dunia pertanian. Produk pertanian yang selama ini menggunakan pupuk kimia dan pestisida non-organik mulai tergantikan dengan produk pertanian organik yang memanfaatkan bahan alami, sebagai pupuk maupun pestisida. Salah satu faktor penghambat dalam budi daya tanaman adalah serangan hama dan patogen. Pengendalian hama dan patogen di Wamena sejauh ini tidak dilakukan dengan sebagaimana mestinya bahkan dikatakan tradisional, seperti hanya melalui pengasapan disekitar tanaman yang dibudidaya. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani di Desa Isaba Himan, Distrik Siepkosi, Kota Wamena, Kabupaten Jayawijaya dalam membuat dan mengaplikasikan pestisida nabati (pestisida alami) untuk mengendalikan hama dan patogen pada tanaman yang dibudidayakan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan melalui KKN-PPM ini adalah dengan memberikan sosialisasi serta pelatihan pembuatan pestisida nabati dengan bahan-bahan yang ada dilingkungan sekitar. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah masyarakat di Distrik Siepkosi dapat mengembangkan pengetahuan terkait pestisida nabati guna membantu meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman, sehingga masyarakat dapat meningkatkan sistem pertanian organik yang telah ada. Kata Kunci: Pestisida Nabati, Pupuk Organik Cair, Pertanian Organik, Wamena, Papua.Abstract Wamena as one of the centers of organic agriculture in Eastern Indonesia which has considerable potential in the development of the agricultural sector, especially the development of food crops and horticulture. Along with that, nowadays has increased rapidly the pattern of organic farming began to become an idol in the world of agriculture. Agricultural products that have been using chemical fertilizers and non-organic pesticides have begun to be replaced with organic agricultural products that utilize natural ingredients, like fertilizers and pesticides. One inhibiting factor in plant cultivation is the attack of pests and pathogens. So far, the control of pests and pathogens in Wamena is not done properly as it is even said to be traditional, such as only through fumigation around cultivated plants. The purpose of this community service activity is to improve the knowledge and skills of farmers in Isaba Himan Village, Siepkosi District, Wamena City, Jayawijaya Regency in making and applying plant-based pesticides (natural pesticides) to control pests and pathogens in cultivated plants. The implementation of activities through KKN-PPM is to provide socialization and training in making botanical pesticides with materials in the surrounding environment. The result of this community service is that people in Siepkosi District can develop knowledge related to botanical pesticides to increase crop productivity so that the community can improve existing organic farming systems.Keywords: Botanical Pesticides, Liquid Organic Fertilizers, Organic Agriculture, Wamena, Papua.
The marginal sandy coastal land should be utilized to maintain production level of shallot. But for increasing the productivity of sandy coastal land, in the shallot cultivation should be applied biological fertilizers, such as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). The purpose of this research was to obtain the most effective isolate of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) to the growth of three shallot cultivars in the sandy coastal land. The research had been conducted in August-November 2015 at Samas sandy coastal land, Bantul. The Factorial treatments were assigned in Randomized Complete Block Design with three blocks as replications. The first factor was shallot cultivars consisted of Crok, Tiron and Tuk-tuk, while the second factor was the PGPR suspension, i.e. control (without PGPR), PGPR isolates BP25.2 (Bacillus methylotrophicus), BP25.6 (Bacillus amyloliquofaciens), BP25.7 (Bacillus subtilis), BrSM 4 (Burkholderiacepacia), and BrSG 5 (Burkholderiaseminalis). The data of growth and yield were analyzed using ANOVA with α = 5%, then followed by DMRT α 5% . The result showed that Tiron cultivar was able to grow in sandy coastal land, proven from its good germination, high number of bulb, high fresh weight, and dry weight of bulb. Meanwhile, BP25.2 isolate was able to increase seed growth simultaneously of Tiron cultivar and BrSM 4 isolate was able to increase the chlorophyll content of Tuk-tuk cultivars.
This study aims to determine the yield and quality of liquid smoke in the form of pH values, acid levels, and phenol levels from the burning of red fruit seed waste as raw material for grade 3 liquid smoke using pyrolysis equipment. Liquid smoke is used as an alternative food preservative and flavor enhancer that it can use in the food processing industry to minimize the use of harmful preservatives such as formalin. But it also can be used as a biopesticide in agriculture so that it becomes an alternative to chemical pesticides in controlling pests. It was researched at the Research Laboratory of the Chemical Engineering Department FTI UMI Makassar in July 2020 and the Agrotechnology Laboratory of the Petra Baliem Wamena Agricultural Science College in April 2021. The research activity began by making grade 3 liquid smoke because liquid smoke can be used as a biopesticide at this level. Then proceed with the analysis of the chemical and physical content of liquid smoke. The research method used was an experimental method with six replications on the amount of red fruit seed waste 500 g, 1000 g, and 1500 g. The pyrolysis process was carried out at temperatures ranging from 300-400ºC for 180 minutes. The results of the observations from the tests carried out showed that the liquid smoke of red fruit seed waste produced was more in the weight or quantity of red fruit seed waste 1000 g was BM2 treatment which had a pH value of 3.35, the acid content of 14.20%, total phenol content of 4.91%, quite brown. Thick and smells like liquid smoke. The high levels of acid ranging from 13.73-14.20% and high levels of phenol ranging from 4.91-5.11% compared to previous studies with raw materials for liquid smoke of rice husks, coconut shells, and organic waste, made the liquid smoke of red fruit seed waste as a biopesticide with repellant and anti-inflammatory properties. Insects ate them because acids and phenols can provide an aromatic that insects do not like.
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