Cattle manure, human excreta and agriculture residues are used in anaerobic bioreactors in many parts of the world to produce methane gas, which is used for the purpose of cooking and lighting. Since such waste materials are readily available in farms, rural people of many developing countries have been benefited from this technology. Besides, this technology is cheaper and simpler, thus gaining popularity throughout the world. Nepal is one of the least developed countries with the vast majority of people involved in subsistence agriculture. The use of biogas technology in Nepal has benefited the country in improving health, environment, economy and energy conservation. In this paper, we present the state of the biogas sector in Nepal.
Tourism is a significant foreign currency earner for Nepal and during the 1990s its tourism industry enjoyed an unprecedented period of growth. During 2001-2002, however, international arrivals fell by over 20 per cent in the wake of a highly publicised airline hijacking in 1999, a series of internal political crises culminating in a declaration of a state of emergency in 2001 and the aftermath of 11th September. This paper discusses the damaging consequences of the resultant media coverage of Nepal as an unsafe destination and examines how the Nepal Tourism Board is currently addressing the image challenge.
The Enabling Ecotourism Development in Cambodia Report is a World Bank advisory product developed for the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) to support the sustainable development of ecotourism as part of a broader strategy for sustainable management of the country's natural capital. The advisory work was undertaken as part of a broader effort of the World Bank in Cambodia to provide guidance to the RGC through technical assistance and analytical and advisory services on managing its natural capital through landscape approaches. Working in the Cardamom Mountains, the Mekong Delta and in the upstream Mekong, the Bank is helping the RGC to better manage and add value to its natural capital through strengthening its links to the economy. This report is the output of rich dialogue and exchange with a number of institutions and individuals in the RGC. This work is part of the technical assistance (TA) provided under the Bank's Enhancing Environmental Sustainability and Resilience in Cambodia technical assistance Program. The work was funded by the Program on Forest (PROFOR). A World Bank team carried out this work in cooperation with Cambodia's Ministry of Environment (MoE), Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF), Ministry of Tourism, and Ministry of Rural Development. The World Bank team would like to thank, in particular, Excellency Sao Sopheap, Secretary of State MoE, Excellency Hem Vanndy, Secretary of State MEF, and their dedicated teams for support in data collection and technical guidance. World Bank management, including Inguna Dobraja, Country Manager for Cambodia; Christophe Crepin, previous Practice Manager for Environment, Natural Resources, and Blue Economy for East Asia and the Pacific, and Stephen Ling, Lead Environmental Specialist; and Mark Austin, Program Leader for Sustainable Development, South East Asia, provided strategic guidance. The World Bank task team for Enabling Ecotourism Development in Cambodia is led by Maurice Andres Rawlins (Natural Resource Management Specialist) and Werner Kornexl (Senior Natural Resource Management Specialist) and at the time of delivery includes Elisabeth Steinmayr (Junior Professional Officer), Sumit Baral (Regional Tourism Consultant), Natasha Martin (Tourism Private Sector Consultant), Neth Baromey (Cambodian Tourism Consultant), Jo Pendry (Legal Consultant), and Nick Ray (Tourism Writer and Communications Consultant).The World Bank team appreciates the inputs provided by World Bank peer reviewers Urvashi Narain, Hasita Bhammer, and Claire Honore Hollweg.The team thanks Cath Croxton, Herbert Navasca, and Christopher Carlos for editing services.
Nepal's carpet sector is one of the main economic contributors that plays a significant role in many areas of the country's well being. However, this sector has seen a major downturn in recent years that is related to resource constraints, environmental problems and management inefficiency. Implementation of pollution prevention strategies has brought significant changes in similar sectors elsewhere in the world. Therefore, Nepal's carpet sector can also benefit from such strategies. This paper is written to provide an overview of the problems that the carpet manufacturing sector of Nepal faces. It also provides recommendations to the government, public and the carpet sector on some of the pollution prevention methods that can be implemented in Nepal to revive the ailing carpet sector. The information presented in this paper will also be useful to similar other industries elsewhere in the world that are directly or indirectly involved in carpet sector.
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