cdma2000 high rate packet data standard [1] is a third generation wireless standard that provides higher download speeds for wireless data users [2]. This paper describes an algorithm to control the data rate at which access terminals transmit data on the reverse traffic channel on this system. The paper also presents results on the reverse traffic channel throughput and outage probability of the system obtained from numerical simulations.Index terms-cdma2000 high rate packet data, IS-856, Reverse Traffic Channel, throughput, outage.A.
Traditionally, signal-to-noise ratio of a mobile determines the handoff dynamics of the mobile. But in certain cases, precise location of the mobile augmented by information services, such as IEEE 802.21 MIS, can expedite the handoff with similar performance results. We illustrate an experimental system that takes advantage of the mobile's relative location with the neighboring access point to perform proactive handoff. It keeps track of the current location of the mobile and then uses the information from the neighboring networks to help perform the proactive handoff. Proactive handover technique helps the mobile to communicate with these networks before the handover is complete thereby reducing the delay and packet loss. In some cases, location-assisted handover could prove to be more useful compared to the handover technique based on signal-noise-ratio.
The sections in this article are Many Flavors of Structural Redundancy Failure Monitoring and Role of Switches Redundancy With Repairable Units Network Redundancy Bounds on Two‐Pole Networks Dynamic Redundancy
Santa Bai-hara, CA 93 106, USA s h a o A~~e c e . u c s b . e d i i Aiwo'i-.IIW ux ~O W W c"ntn,i fur interference-shared CUMA links is well underatwid. But perf~irmance sulfers wheii those link have large delays. We analyze that prrfnrmanfe and show how the poor performance can be amelislaled. Index t r r m -C D M .Coonexinn by Bo&'". closed loop power cuntrol, (;lnbnlstar'"', lung dela?, satellite eonuuunicatien. I. INTROUUCTIONThe IS-95 [ I ] system introduced the concept of closed loop power control to a link in which nioltiple spread-spectrum users access ii hub. Such a CDMA system. in which each user spreads with its own code and all multiple access users interference-share the spectnim hid previously suffered fioom the classic nrar-€x problem [ 2 ] . In the classic closed loop power control system. disclosed in a US patent [3]: the hub revsiver deemnodulates each user signal and, makes II SNR measurement (incltiding interference from the other users) and via a signal in the opposite direction, informs each transmitter to increase one step h power or decrease one step in power whether the SNR is below or abow a desired reference level. This same principle has been used in all the systems derived from I S 4 5 (CDMA 2000 [4], U'CUMA [SI, Giobalscir [6]).Recently there have been other systems that have heen described in the liteiitture th;if have applications in other than niohile telephony. One of the most interesting is the Cotmexion" [7] system by Boeing lo supply Internet access to airplanes. Here the transmitters we are concerned with are on commercial airliners and the huh is an earth station on the ground receiving Imnsmissions from several rransmitters vi8 a path t h t goes f h m the transmitters to a geo-synchronous bent pipe satellite to the ground. But such a linh has very long delay. The round trip time from transniitfer to earth station ;md from there. For the power control comniand. back to the Wansmitter is approximately sec. and there are smhility problems io operating a closed loop control 766 system over long dehys. Such problem were faced in the Globalstar satellite system. The delays were smaller in that LEO satellite system than with a W O system but the delay was still larse compared ti1 the time between successive power control commands. That is the parameter that counts in the effect of delay: the number of porver control c o n m d s enroute to the hub st any givcn time. Thr solutions used in Globalstar hare relevance to any similar sitilstion where the delay is longer than the time between power cimbol conunands.Stability problems manifest theni5elves in po\veer control error-the amount by which the actual SNR departs from the desired reference v;ilue. A large power control error will result iii tlie designer hwing to set the a p t value larger lhnn the theoretically desired vidue (err the desired error rate). This margin is inserted so that the lower tail of tlie S N R probability dencity function is at the desired reference value.In section I I we introduce the problem (with rcsults...
We present an effective measure of system reliability based on average loss of call capacity that is appropriate for telecommunication hardware. We are led to consider a system consisting of units with many states with appropriately chosen performance effectiveness indices, while all atomic units are binary. In this respect, this effective measure of partial system availability is a variant of customer-centered reliability methodology. We also identify the importance of a new structure called a`pool' that behaves as a hybrid of series and parallel con®gurations. We present an algorithm for approximately calculating partial system unavailability, which solves the system decomposition problem for arbitrarily complex highly reliable systems made of hierarchically arranged k-out-of-n sub-structures. The algorithm agrees with our intuition for important special cases and has been programmed into an object oriented software tool. This method has been successfully used for the reliability analysis of Globalstar TM gateways.
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