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We reported on an ultratough, ductile, castor oil-based, hyperbranched, polyurethane (HPU) nanocomposite using functionalized reduced graphene oxide (f-RGO) as a reactive chain extender as well as a nano-reinforcing material. The functionalization of phytoextract-reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was achieved by reacting with 2,4/2,6-toluene diisocyanate, followed by reacting with 1,4-butanediol. Functionalization (hydroxyl group-terminated urethane linkage) in f-RGO was confirmed by FTIR and XRD studies. The obtained nanocomposite demonstrated tremendous enhancements of tensile strength (525%), modulus (42 folds), and toughness (18 folds) after incorporation of 2 wt % of f-RGO in HPU. Most surprisingly, elongation at break of the nanocomposites was enhanced from 710% to a maximum of 1656%. On other hand, the HPU nanocomposite with RGO was unable to demonstrate improved properties similar to those of HPU/f-RGO nanocomposites. The HPU/f-RGO nanocomposite also demonstrated good thermal stability and excellent electrical conductivity with an enhancement of almost 10 orders of magnitude at 2 wt % f-RGO. The effective and promising technique presented here paves the way to graphene-based polymer nanocomposites with excellent performance and novel functionalities.

Multi-stimuli responsive smart elastomeric hyperbranched polyurethane/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite is fabricated using ultrafast reduced graphene oxide.

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A reduced graphene oxide-silver nanohybrid (Ag-RGO) was prepared by simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide and silver ions, using the aqueous extract of the Colocasia esculenta leaf. The nanohybrid demonstrated better antimicrobial activity than the individual nanomaterials. Excellent cytocompatibility was observed for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and mammalian red blood cells (RBCs). An acute dermal toxicity study on wistar rats confirmed no induction of direct or indirect toxicity to the host. Thus, this nanohybrid holds potential for applications as a non-toxic topical antimicrobial agent in dressings, bandages, ointments etc.