This study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxic and analgesic potential of methanol extracts of five wild mushrooms available in the University of Chittagong, Bangladesh. The acetic acid-induced writhing method was used for the analgesic activity, while cytotoxicity was tested using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. In silico molecular docking and ADME/T study have been employed by using Schrodinger v11.1, BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2020 and online tool (AdmeSAR) respectively. The methanol extracts of Daldinia concentrica , Trametes lactinea , Fomitopsis cajanderi and Daedaleopsis confragosa exhibited a significant ( p < 0.001) decrease in the number of writhing when compared to the control group. Except for Lentinus squarrosulus at 200 mg/kg body weight, the remaining mushroom extracts showed equal to or above 50 % inhibition of writhing. Daldinia concentrica showed the lowest LC 50 values with 0.63 μg/mL, while Daedaleopsis confragosa showed the highest LC 50 values of 2.33 μg/mL, indicating decisive cytotoxic action all mushrooms extracts. Considering the secondary metabolites, daldinan A and fomlactone A were found the most promising myco-compounds in analgesic and cytotoxic molecular docking studies. Besides, all the selected metabolites meet the rule of Lipinski's drug-likeliness. These results concluded that each mushroom extracts except Lentinus squarrosulus possess a potential analgesic. All the mushroom extracts embrace a promising cytotoxic activity that may guide the progress of a new drug.
Introduction: Inflammation is a major cause of arthritis. Since the conventional medicines used for the treatment of this disease have many side effects, herbal remedies can be proved to be effective in this case. So, the present study was aimed at investigating the quantitative detection of phytochemicals, screening of in vivo anti-inflammatory and the possible anti-arthritic activities of the crude methanol extracts of a traditional medicinal plant Macropanax dispermus leaves (MDML) and stem barks (MDMS). Methods: Quantitative screening of phytochemical constituents was analyzed by standard procedures. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was conducted on Swiss albino mice by using carrageenan and formalin-induced paw edema tests, and xylene-induced ear edema test. The possible anti-arthritic activity was done by evaluating the in vitro inhibition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation. Results: The current research showed that MDML contained a considerable amount of flavonoids and alkaloids, and MDMS contained a considerable amount of phenols. MDMS (200, 400 mg/kg) was observed to be an effective and significant (P < 0.001) peripheral anti-inflammatory agent in carrageenan and formalin-induced paw edema tests, whereas MDML (400 mg/kg) was observed to have an effective and significant (P < 0.001) neurogenic anti-inflammatory effect in xylene-induced ear edema test as compared to the negative control group. MDMS was observed to be an effective anti-arthritic agent as compared to that of the negative control group. All those effects were dose and concentration-dependent.Conclusion: The present research proved that MDML and MDMS were effective medications for the treatment of inflammation and arthritis.
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