Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang memerlukan pengobatan yang intensif. Tanaman tradisional untuk pengobatan diabetes banyak dijumpai di masyarakat dan telah digunakan secara turun temurun. Pugun Tana (Picria felterrae Lour.) merupakan tumbuhan khas yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Dairi untuk pengobatan diabetes. Data hasil penelitian efektifitas sebagai antidiabetes dari Pugun Tana belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk menguji keamanan dan efektifitas dari Pugun Tanan sebagai antidiabetes sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai tanaman tradisional yang aman dan berkhasiat.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan karakteristik simplisia daun (penentuan kadar air, penentuan kadar abu total dan tidak larut dalam asam, penentuan kadar sari larut etanol dan penentuan larutan kadar sari larut air). Ekstrak dibuat dalam crude extract dengan metode maserasi-perkolasi.Uji Toksisitas secara akut crude extract daun pugun tana tidak menunjukkan tanda-tanda keracunan dan kematian yang berarti sampai dosis 10.000 mg/kg bb. Crude extract pugun tana (Picria felterrae Lour.) dikategorikan praktis tidak toksis atau toksisitas ringan. Namun, data indeks organ menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan dari organ seperti hati, dan perbedaan ini tidak memberikan perbedaan yang berarti dibandingkan dengan dosis lainnya. Uji Toleransi glukosa dengan pemberian larutan glukosa dosis 5 g/kg bb menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol pugun tana dosis 50, 100 dan 200 mg/kg BB tersebut menurunkan kadar gula darah tikus yang diberikan glukosa 50%. Suspensi ekstrak pugun tana dosis 100 mg/kg bb memberikan penurunan kadar gula darah hampir sama dengan suspensi glibenklamid dosis 10 mg/kg bb dan kenaikan dosis ekstrak tidak memberikan efek penurunan kadar gula darah yang lebih baik. Kata kunci: tikus obesitas, toleransi glukosa, toksisitas akut, picria felterrae, pugun tana
BACKGROUND: Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative dermal disorder as a result of dysregulation wound healing process in susceptible individuals. The pathogenesis is not clearly known yet, but upregulation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was found to have a significant role in inducing hyperproliferation of fibroblast cells. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) flower extract has been found to have high content of polyphenols. Some studies have shown inhibition effect of H. sabdariffa polyphenols extract on TGF-β1, and as result affects fibroblast proliferation. Therefore, roselle flower extract might have a significant role in the prevention of keloid formation. AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the effect of roselle flower extract on fibroblast cells proliferation in human keloid. METHODS: An experimental controlled trial of 10 different concentrations (1.96 μg/ml, 3.91 μg/ml, 7.81 μg/ml, 15.63 μg/ml, 31.25 μg/ml, 62.50 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml, and 1000 μg/ml) of roselle (H. sabdariffa L.) flower extract was done on cultured fibroblast cells originated from human keloid biopsied tissue. Tunnel assay was done to evaluate the apoptosis rate of the cultured fibroblast cells on each concentration. Determination of TGF-β1 titer of the cultured human keloid fibroblast cells in and cytotoxicity assay of the extract on cultured normal human fibroblast cells in each concentration were done with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. All the assays were done in triple repetition. Statistical analysis using linear regression test was done to determine the association between the concentration of roselle flower extract with apoptosis rate and TGF-β1 titer. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the results of cytotoxicity assay. RESULTS: Apoptosis rate of the cultured fibroblast cells was found to be increased dose dependently with roselle flower extract concentration (r2 = 0.797; p < 0.05). TGF-β1 titer was inversely related with the extract concentration (r2 = 0.501; p < 0.05). Cytotoxicity assay revealed that no differences in absorbance value and viability cells were found in each concentration. CONCLUSION: Roselle (H. sabdariffa L.) flower extract was found to induce apoptosis of the cultured fibroblast cells and reduction of TGF-β1 titer in dose-dependent pattern, without cytotoxicity effect against human fibroblast cells.
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