Kuraklık stresi bitkisel üretimi etkileyen en önemli stres faktörlerindendir. Bu çalışma kuraklık stresinin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmada bakteri uygulamasının etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. İklim odasında katı ortam kültüründe yapılan çalışmada Falcon domates çeşidi ve Tom-29 yerel domates genotipi kullanılmıştır. Bitkileri 16/8 saat aydınlık/karanlık, 25±2°C gündüz ve 20±2°C gece olan iklim odasında yetiştirilmiştir. Uygulamalar kontrol, kuraklık stresi, bakteri, kuraklık stresi+bakteri şeklinde planlanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda bitki boyu, bitki çapı, yaprak sayısı, koltuk sayısı, bitki yaş ağırlığı, gövde yaş ağırlığı, yaprak yaş ağırlığı, kök ağırlığı, yaprak alanı, yaprak oransal su içeriği, yaprak su potansiyeli, SPAD metre ölçümü gibi morfolojik ve fizyolojik parametreler incelenmiştir. Kontrol grubuna kıyasla, kuraklık stresi uygulamasında, Tom-29 genotipi incelendiğinde, bitki boyu (% 3,07), bitki çapı (%5,75), bitki yaş ağırlığı (%55,92), gövde yaş ağırlığı (%33,50), kök ağırlığı (%38,20) ve yaprak sayısı (%16,37), yüzde değişimdeki azalışın Falcon çeşidinden daha az olduğu belirlenmiştir. Falcon çeşidine kıyasla Tom-29 genotipinde bakteri uygulamasına göre kuraklık stresi+bakteri uygulamasında bitki boyu (%34,83), bitki yaş ağırlığı (%50,62), gövde yaş ağırlığı (%53,36), yaprak yaş ağırlığı (%51,43), koltuk sayısı (%31,55) ve turgor potansiyeli (%3,84) yüzde değişim azalışının daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak kuraklık stresinin domates üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini azaltmada kullanılan yöntem ve uygulamaların etkisi belirlenmiştir.
Intensive use of mineral fertilizers in soilless growing systems can have adverse effects on the environment and human health and could be economically expensive. Aim of this study was whether it can be reduced mineral nutrients in soilless grown melon by using mycorrhizae inoculation. The experiment has been carried out in the early spring growing period in a greenhouse in the Mediterranean climate. The eight treatments have been applied: (1) 100% Full nutrition (control), (2) 100% Full nutrition+mycorrhiza, (3) 80% nutrition, (4) 80% nutrition+mycorrhiza (5) 60% nutrition (6) 60% nutrition+mycorrhiza (7) 40% nutrition, (8) 40% nutrition+mycorrhiza. Effects of mycorrhiza on melon plant growth, yield, fruit quality, and leaf nutrient concentrations were investigated. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization is accompanied by plant growth increases in reduced nutrient levels. The mycorrhiza inoculation had a significant enhancing effect on total yield in soilless grown melon plants. The highest increasing effect on melon yield was observed in the “80% nutrient+mycorrhiza”, and AM- inoculated plants produced 49.5% higher melon yield (12.4 kg m-2) than that of control plants without mycorrhizae (8.3 k gm-2). AM-inoculation was also able to establish an improvement in Brix and EC of melon fruit. In the nutrient contents of leaves, there were slight increases in AM-inoculated plants, except P. The P content was significantly increased in AM-inoculated 80% nutrient plants as comparison to that of its control. ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********
Agriculture is among the sectors that will be impacted first and most by the adverse effects of climate change. Therefore, developing new high-temperature tolerant varieties is an essential economic measure in adaptation to near-future climate change. Likewise, there is a growing interest in increasing the antioxidant content of crops to improve food quality and produce crops with high-stress tolerance. Tomato is the most grown and consumed species in horticultural plants; however, it is vulnerable to 35°C and above high temperatures during cultivation. This study used twenty high-temperature tolerant, two susceptible genotypes, and two commercial tomato varieties in the open field. The experiment was applied under control and high-temperature stress conditions based on a randomized block design with 4 replications and 12 plants per repetition. The study investigated the fruit’s selected quality properties and antioxidant compounds, namely, total soluble solutes (Brix), titratable acidity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), lycopene, β-carotene, and vitamin C, along with total phenols and total flavonoids under control and stress conditions. As a result, in general, total soluble solutes, titratable acidity, total phenol, and vitamin C contents under high-temperature conditions were determined to increase in tolerant tomato genotypes, while decreases were noted for pH, EC, total flavonoids, lycopene, and β-carotene. However, different specific responses on the basis of genotypes and useful information for breeding studies have been identified. These data on fruit nutrient content and antioxidants will be helpful when breeding tomato varieties to be grown in high-temperature conditions.
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