The study aims to analyze the situation of employment in West Sumatra Province using indicators such as the employment status, sector/business field, and type of work, labor productivity, and labor elasticity during the period 2018-2020. The descriptive quantitative approach was employed, using secondary data from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). The data used include the main job status, economic sector, type of work, and constant price GRDP. The statistical data obtained describe the characteristics of the employment situation in the Province of West Sumatra. Information on the results of data analysis is visualized in the form of tables, graphs, and descriptions. Calculations are carried out to determine the value of labor productivity and elasticity. This method is carried out by calculating the ratio between the growth of employment opportunities and the growth of GRDP from different time points. The results of this study indicate that employment status in West Sumatra is dominated by formal workers. The primary and tertiary business sectors absorb more labor than the secondary sector. The agricultural, forestry, hunting, and fishery business workers are very dominant in absorbing labor in West Sumatra Province in 2018-2020. Total labor productivity decreased in 2020 due to a decrease in regional income in several sectors/business fields during the Covid-19 pandemic. Labor elasticity by sector/business field in West Sumatra mostly has a value of less than zero with the water supply, waste management, waste, and recycling sectors having the highest labor elasticity values.
This research aims to analyze the Net Enrollment Ratio (NER), the number of school educational facilities at different levels of education, and the student-teacher ratio in West Sumatera Province. This research method used a descriptive with a quantitative approach and secondary data from Central Agency on Statistics for the period 2019-2021. The analytical technique used in this research is descriptive quantitative data analysis. The results of the analysis show that the Net Enrollment Ratio of each age group experienced an increase of 0.09-0.044%. The number of elementary schools in West Sumatera Province has fluctuated while Madrasah Ibtidaiyah has increased. The number of junior high school has increased, while the number of Madrasah Tsanawiyah has decreased. The number of upper-level education is dominated by senior high school, followed by Madrasah Aliyah, then vocational high school. The trend of changes in the elementary school student-teacher ratio has decreased, meanwhile both junior and senior high school teachers have increased. In general, the student-teacher ratio in Sumatera Barat is fairly good because it does not exceed the standards set by the government.
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