ABSTRAKKajian ini mengintegrasikan teori esoteris dengan teori eskatologi yang termuat dalam naskah klasik “Syi’ir Kiyamat, Syi’ir Santri, Syi’ir Paras Nabi dan Syi’ir Ahli Surga” yang merupakan koleksi perorangan yang tergolong naskah bergenre syi’ir dalam sastra Jawa Pesisiran. Pendekatan filologi sebagai pisau bedah naskah, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode deskriptif serta metode analisis data. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa para sufi maupun orang awam dalam menapaki jalan spiritual mempertebal amalan dan rangkaian penyucian jiwa dengan diisi perbuatan baik (taubat, khauf dan raja’, zuhud, fakir, sabar, ridha dan muraqabah). Konsep Eskatologi berupa siksa kubur dan pertemuan mayat dengan malaikat Mungkar Nakir (Alam Barzakh), peristiwa huru-hara kiamat yang di alami manusia berupa hancurnya seluruh lapisan kosmos bumi oleh dahsyatnya kiamat, dilanjutkan penceritaan seputar kejadian yang dialami penduduk Mahsyar mendapati syafaat, hisab, Haq-Al-Adami, serta penyesalan oleh umat kafir maupun muslim yang kufur. Ditarik benang merah bahwa penelitian Esoeskatologi pada teks syi’ir memberikan sumbangsih bagi keberadaan nilai-nilai sufistik dan nilai eskatologi yang koheren sehingga menimbulkan efek eksistensi manusia terhadap kehidupan dunia dan ukhrawi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan doktrin eskatologi sebagai penggingat atau orientasi, lebih tepatnya keseluruhan tuturan syi’ir dijadikan sebagai sarana sufistis guna mencapai fana manusia dengan Allah serta condong pada ajaran futuristis. Relevansi konsep kesenjangan dunia dan ukhrawi, bahwa segala perbuatan akan dipertanggungjawabkan di Akhirat.Kata kunci: syi’ir, esoteris, eskatologi, esoeskatologi.ABSTRACTThis study seeks to integrating the esoteric theory with the eschatological theory which contained in the classical manuscript "Syi’ir Kiyamat, Syi’ir Santri, Syi’ir Paras Nabi and Syi’ir Ahli Surga" is a collection of individuals belonging to the syi’ir genre texts in Coastal Javanese literature. This research itself is classified into library research with a philological approach as a scalpel, data collection techniques using descriptive methods and data analysis methods. Result of the research said that can be concluded that the Sufis and common people in walking the spiritual path thicken the practice and a series of purification of the soul filled with good deeds (repentance, khauf and raja ', zuhud, fakir, patient, blessing and muraqabah). The concept of eschatology in the form of grave torture and corpse encounters with the angel Mungkar Nakir (Alam Barzakh), the apocalypse riots experienced by humans in the form of the destruction of all layers of the earth's cosmos by the enormity of the apocalypse, continued telling about the events experienced by Mahsyar residents who find intercession, reckoning, Haq -Al-Adami, and regret by the infidel and the kufr Muslims. The red thread can be drawn that the study of Esoeschatology in the syi’ir text contributes to the existence of sufistic values and coherent eschatological values so as to have an effect on human existence on world life and ukhrawi. The results of the study stated the doctrine of eschatology as a reminder, more precisely the whole syi’ir utterance was made as a sufistic means to achieve mortal humanity with God and inclined to futuristic teachings. The relevance of the concept of world inequality and ukhrawi, that all deeds will be accounted for in the afterlife.Keywords: syi’ir, esoteric, eschatology, esoeschatologysyi’ir, esoteric, eschatology, esoeschatology
ABSTRAKPribumi subaltern menjadi subjek nyata adanya gejolak penindasan oleh serdadu pemerintah dan gerakan bawah tanah dalam situasi Aceh yang telah beralih menjadi Daerah Operasi Mililiter. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan penyalahgunaan tahta tertinggi, adanya pemberontakan gerakan bawah tanah sebagai bentuk perlawanan, dampaknya bagi kaum subaltern seperti pelecehan seksual, mentalitas down, dan dimiskinkan. Data diperoleh dengan teknik pustaka dari sumber tertulis berupa kata dan kalimat dalam novel kemudian dianalisis dengan metode analisa deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dominasi kekuasaan penguasa superior yang menduduki tahta tertinggi, dua bentuk perlawanan berupa caci maki serta aksi pemberontakan, dan dampaknya bagi subaltern begitu signifikan memunculkan keterpurukan, semakin merajalela pelecehan seksual, mentalitas down akhirnya termiskinkan. Pada akhirnya subaltern semakin lemah, ketakutan dan tak berdaya. Adanya persekutuan pemberontak sebagai akibat mentalitas era kolonial yang masih menjarah pemikiran masyarakat. Pada dasarnya penjajahlah yang menjadi cikal bakal adanya teroris dan pemberontakan. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan sumbangsih untuk mendukung kebijakan pemerintah mendisiplinkan politik agar tidak mengalami carut-marut. Serta menjadi pengingat bagi masyarakat akan masih adanya gerakan bawah tanah dalam bentuk apapun yang mengancam keberlangsungan hidup masyarakat lain, dalam menghadapi kolonialisme yang masih berkembang hingga saat ini.Kata kunci: subaltern, poskolonial, perlawanan, pemberontakABSTRACTSubaltern natives are the real subject of the turmoil of oppression by government troops and underground movements in the Aceh situation which has turned into the Military Operations Area. The purpose of this study is to describe the abuse of the highest throne, the existence of an underground movement rebellion as a form of resistance, the impact on the subalterns such as sexual harassment, down mentality, and impoverished. Data obtained by library techniques from written sources in the form of words and sentences in the novel and then analyzed by descriptive analysis method. The results showed the dominance of the power of superior rulers who occupied the highest throne, two forms of resistance there are in the form of insults and acts of rebellion, and the impact on subalterns was so significant that it leds to adversity, increasingly rampant sexual harassment, the down mentality finally impoverished. In the end the subaltern is getting weaker, frightened and helpless. The existence of the rebel alliance is as a result of the mentality of the colonial era which still plundered the minds of the people. Basically, invaders are the embryo of terrorists and rebellion. This research is expected to contribute to support government policy to discipline politics. Therefore, it does not experience chaos. As well as a reminder to the public of the existence of underground movements in any form that threatens the survival of other communities, in the face of colonialism that is still developing today.Keyword: subaltern, postcolonial, resistance, rebel
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