There is a paucity of information regarding the epidemiology and outcome of COVID-19 from low/middleincome countries, including from Nigeria. This single-center study described the clinical features, laboratory findings, and predictors of in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients. Patients admitted between April 10, 2020 and June 10, 2020 were included. Forty-five patients with a mean age of 43 (16) years, predominantly male (87%), presented with fever (38%), cough (29%), or dyspnea (24%). In-hospital mortality was 16%. The independent predictors of mortality were hypoxemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3-5.1) and creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL (aOR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.9-9.8).

Background Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) remains one of the world’s significant public health challenges. Viral suppression is the key indicator for treatment success in People living with HIV (PLHIV). We determined the level of viral suppression, and its associated factors among PLHIV attending Federal Medical Centre Katsina (FMC Katsina), Nigeria. Methods This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 913 HIV positive adults enrolled in care between January 2009 and December 2019. Information on socio-demographics, clinical, immunological, Viral load (VL), and other relevant parameters were extracted from the patients’ care records. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients that achieved viral suppression. We also analyzed variables that were associated with VL suppression. Results Of 913, records of 831 (91.0%) registered patients were analyzed. During the period, 751 (90.4%) achieved viral suppression, 427 (51.4%) had CD4 counts  ≥ 500 and 477 (57.4%) were on HAART for ≥ 5 years. Majority, 793 (95.4%) were on first-line HAART regimen (Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Dolutegravir or Abacavir-Lamivudine-Dolutegravir), and 809 (97.4%) in the non-advanced stage (WHO stages 1 and 2). The median (interquartile range) of viral load was 20 (20–40) vs 19,989 (3311–110,340) cp/ml in virally suppressed, and unsuppressed  respectively. Factors associated with viral suppression included being unemployed (Adjusted OR [AOR] 4.9, 95% CI 2.771, 8.539), educated (AOR 4.2, 95% CI 1.098, 16.223), having a baseline CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/µl (AOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.588, 4.625), and being on first line HAART regimen [AOR 7.0, 95% CI 3.220, 15.648]. Conclusions Our study demonstrated a good viral suppression among PLHIV on HAART. Variables associated with viral suppression included unemployment, formal education, high baseline CD4 count, and first line HAART regimen.

Background: Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) remains one of the world’s significant public health challenges. Viral suppression is the key indicator for treatment success in People living with HIV (PLHIV). We determined the level of viral non-suppression and its associated factors among PLHIV attending Federal Medical Centre Katsina (FMC Katsina), Nigeria. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 913 HIV positive adults enrolled in care between January 2009 and December 2019. Information on socio-demographics, clinical, immunological, Viral Load (VL) and other relevant parameters were extracted from the patients’ care Centre Katsina estimated frequencies/proportions, performed bivariate and multivariate analysis to determine factors associated with VL non-suppression using p<0.05 as significant level. Results: Records of 831 registered patients were analyzed using Epi-info 7. During the period, 751 (90.4%) achieved viral suppression, 426 (51.3%) had CD4 counts of ≥500 and 477 (57.4%) were on HAART for ≥5 years. Majority, 793 (95.4%) were on first-line and 809 (97.4%) in the non-advanced stage (WHO stages 1 and 2). The independent predictors of viral non-suppression included being on the second line HAART [Adjusted OR (AOR) 6.5; 95% CI 3.02-13.89], being employed [AOR 0.26; 95% CI 0.15-0.44] and baseline CD4 count less than 500 [AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.21-0.61]. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a good viral suppression among PLHIV on HAART. Low baseline CD4 counts and being on second-line HAART are predictive of viral non-suppression while being unemployed seems to be protective against viral non-suppression.