This study examines the impact of banking sector credit on Nigeria’s real sector based on data from 1986 to 2019 using the ARDL model. The bound testing result indicates that there is a long-run relationship between the variables of interest with real gross domestic product (RGDP) as the dependent variable. The result indicates that commercial bank credit (CBC) has a positive impact on RGDP in the long and short runs, which is consistent with a priori expectations. Domestic private investment (DPI) was found to have a negative and significant relationship with RGDP in the long and short runs. The estimated equations of the specified models show a significant positive relationship between government capital expenditure (GCE) and RGDP. In the short run, a significant increase in DPI, CBC, and GCE will bring about a significant increase in RGDP. The parameter estimates of DPI, CBC and GCE are statistically significant, as indicated by the t-value. The study reveals that effective utilization and distribution of bank credit to the real sector promotes economic growth. Therefore, the study recommends that there should be improved banking sector credit which will improve the output of the real sector and, in turn, boosts the economy.

Poverty is a disease that continues to cause insecurity and other forms of social vices in a country, which in turn affects the growth and development of the nation. The increasing poverty rate, especially in Nigeria, has become a complex problem that has resulted in economic degradation, which must be immediately resolved. Therefore, this study examines poverty and its intractability in Nigeria: causes and consequences. The study analyzes the data using Ordinary Least Square methods. The data were obtained from Federal Reserve Economic Data and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The results indicate that the poverty rate will rise by 0.035375 and 2.564296 units, respectively, for every unit increase in population and unemployment (UMP). Besides, the result shows that a unit increase in the human development index (HDI) will lead to a -4.347621 decrease in the poverty rate in Nigeria. The framework affirms that poverty is an intractability in Nigeria. The study consequently suggests that the government, non-governmental organizations, and private citizens prioritize funding for human development and embrace a solid fiscal policy that will boost economic output and lower the country's degree of poverty.

This paper analyzes the causes of regulatory compliance using traditional deterrence variables and potential moral and social variables. Selfreported data was used to assert the objective of this write-up. A group of persistent violators react neither to normative aspects nor to traditional deterrence variables, but systematically violate the regulation and use bribes to avoid punishment. From the results, it was also indicated that tree hunters adjust their violation rates with respect to changes in the probability of detection and punishment, but they also react to social and legitimacy variables. It is recommended that if the on-going deforestation, forest depletion and degradation are to be curbed, it is essential to have proactive and forward-looking policies anticipating social, economic and environmental changes to guide the development of the forest sector. Social influence plays a significant role in everyday social exchange-the body of empirical evidence demonstrates that the pure deterrence model of regulatory compliance, which focuses primarily on the certainty and severity of sanctions as key determinants of compliance, provides a partial explanation of compliance behaviour.

This study examines the influence of monetary policy on international trade in Nigeria. Sources of data are Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and World Development Indicator (WDI) 2021. The study uses Cointegration and Error correction mechanism to analyse the data. The cointegration result shows that there is a longrun relationship between international trade and monetary policy in Nigeria. The Error correction mechanism shows that all the variables are statistically significant at 5% level except for interest rate. Based on the coefficient of determination (R2) result, the study concludes that there are other non-monetary instruments that influence international trade not captured by the study. Fiscal policy should supplement the monetary agency through the CBN should regulate the monetary policy towards increasing the country’s productivity as this will lead to increase in export and also create employment.

This study examines the impact of mobile telephone on economic growth in Nigeria using ARDL (Autoregressive distributed lag) as methodology, with data from 2001-2017. The study reveals that mobile penetration had a positive impact on real GDP per capita. Which means as more people get access to mobile phones, GDP per capita is expected to grow. 10% increase in mobile penetration will lead to a 0.5 % increase in average annual GDP per capita. The study concludes that mobile telephony can aid sustainable economic development when used appropriately, with the full participation of all stakeholders, especially in a country like Nigeria. The intrinsic value of telecommunications lies not in easing communications and information, but in enabling growth and development. The study recommends that Consumer protection policies are needed to protect consumers from unfair calls and mobile data charges will ensure consumer get the value for their money, which will lead to increased consumption and investment in the industry.