The ultimate advantage of a T Scan III analysis is that it can detect the amount of force as well as location of the highest intensity contacts of a single tooth which is very specific.

Context: Early detection of oral cancer is of paramount importance in determining the prognosis of oral cancer. Literature suggests that several diagnostic modalities have been proposed to aid a clinician in early detection of oral cancer without much conclusive evidence. Aims: The present study aims to compare toluidine blue and chemiluminescence screening methods in early detection of carcinoma in North Indian population and also to evaluate these methods with histopathological diagnosis. Methods: In this prospective study, 42 patients with clinically visible premalignant lesions were included. Demographic data were collected, and suspicious lesions were examined by chemiluminescence light (Vizilite) and followed by local application of toluidine blue (Mashberg's recommendation). Findings were recorded for each lesion under standard incandescent light as positive or negative. Biopsy and histopathological analysis of the tissues were performed. Statistical Analysis: Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values for the chemiluminescence technique and toluidine blue were calculated for diagnostic tests. Results and Conclusions: In the present study, toluidine blue test was found to be moderately sensitive (63.33%) whereas chemiluminescence test (Vizilite) was found to be highly sensitive (90%); however, the test has limited specificity (50%). Thus, the study concluded that both toluidine blue and Vizilite can be used as an adjunct to simple, conventional visual examination and in screening procedure for oral potentially malignant disorders.

Vertical dimension at rest a b s t r a c tIntroduction: The determination of physiologic rest position of the mandible to the maxillae is of paramount importance in almost all fields of dentistry. The stability of vertical dimension at rest has been controversial if the rest position of mandible remains constant throughout life or not. Despite of several studies on the rest position of the mandible and facial vertical dimension, certain fundamental disagreements remain unresolved. The present study aims to compare the vertical dimension at rest, before and after extraction and after rehabilitation with complete denture. Material & methods:This study was conducted in a total of ten randomly selected patients, who had some natural teeth present with one or more opposing posterior teeth with vertical occlusal stops but were advised for extraction because of poor prognosis. Digital lateral cephalograms were done and measurements recorded at three stages: prior to extraction of remaining natural teeth, post extraction and after complete denture rehabilitation.Results: Vertical dimension at rest was found to be greatest in post rehabilitation followed by pre-extraction than post extraction state. The differences in changes were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Vertical dimension at rest shows a decrease following extraction of natural teeth, the occlusal stops, and an increase on rehabilitation. It can be stated that vertical dimension at rest is not stable position and varies following extraction of natural teeth and rehabilitation.

No abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the gold standard of treatment of gallstone disease, is a widely performed surgery, but it can become a challenge to complete at times. Aim of present study was to find out the possible preoperative features in a gallstone disease patient that predispose him to having a difficult LC. Methods: All cases of gallstone disease undergoing LC at a tertiary care hospital were studied over one year. Patients with jaundice, abnormal liver function tests, concomitant common bile duct stones, ongoing acute cholecystitis or concurrent gallstone pancreatitis were excluded. Various preoperative clinical, laboratory and ultrasound parameters were studied to see their correlation with different aspects of difficult LC.Results: 166 patients were studied with age ranging from 10-80 years, maximum incidence (36.14%) being in the age group 35-50 years. The time taken for LC increased significantly with increasing age. 70.48% were females but gender status did not affect the difficulty. Pain in the preceding 15 days of surgery increased the operating time as did the association of diabetes mellitus. Increasing body mass index (BMI) also increased the surgery time as well as the conversion rate (7.69% in patients with BMI >30Kg/m2). Clinically palpable gallbladder increased the surgery duration, difficulty and conversion rate. TLC >11000/mm3, contracted gallbladder, wall thickness ≥4mm made LC longer, while multiple stones increased surgeon’s difficulty and impacted stone in gallbladder neck increased the conversion rate.Conclusions: Certain factors that increase the difficulty of LC can be identified preoperatively and this knowledge should be used when planning LC.

No abstract

Velopharyngeal defects are common problem encountered in dentistry, different prosthetic designs can be used; however, the prosthesis should be comfortable and function properly. Surgical treatment is the treatment of choice, but there are few patients who are not able to receive the surgical intervention; in such cases prosthetic management is considered using speech bulb prosthesis to overcome nasal twang and nasal regurgitation.

No abstract