The efficiency of timber harvesting and damage to residual stands is an aspect that needs serious attention because it has impacts on 1) increasing logs production, 2) saving natural forest resources, and 3) reducing the volume of the waste left in the forest has potential to create a risk of greenhouse gas emissions. This paper aims to provide information on the efficiency of timber harvesting and residual stand damage caused by harvesting activities in natural forests. The results showed that: 1) Efficiency of harvesting natural forest timber ranged from 75-86% with an average of 80.6% before applying the low impact (RIL) and varied from 82-95% with an average of 87.6% for the RIL techniques; 2). Damage to residual stands due to logging of non-RIL and RIL ranged from 27.76-40.71% with an average of 31.97% and 5-40% with an average of 22.20%, respectively; 3). The application of RIL techniques and the existence of sustainable forest management certification could improve the efficiency of timber utilization.
Abstract:The use of strong acid H2SO4 stimulant (AN-ORGANIC) in effort to improve resin results in Perum Perhutani area is proved not safe for workers and the environment. On the other hand, eco-friendly stimulants such as ETRAT has been used in most areas of Perhutani and wood vinegar were developed. This research is aimed to identify strategies of eco-friendly stimulant use policies in tapping pine. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews to several informants consisting of tapper community, foreman, Ranger, Head of RPh, Head of KPH, Deputy head of KPH, NTFPs section chief, Head and deputy chief Production Unit. Selection of informants is carried out purposively that is derived from pine resin producing areas 3 largest in Perum Perhutani (KPH Banyumas West, KPH Kediri and KPH Sukabumi). The results showed that the strategy of eco-friendly stimulant use policies could be adopted by Perhutani with four strategies: 1) Increase the use of eco-friendly stimulant by utilizing eco-friendly wood vinegar-based stimulant produced by Perhutani; 2) Implement eco-friendly wood vinegar-based stimulant produced by Perhutani to press the price of an expensive eco-friendly stimulant; 3) Increase the use of eco-friendly and safer stimulant innovation to convince Perhutani so that eco-friendly stimulant can be accepted and used extensively; and 4) Press eco-friendly stimulant prices through innovations that could be accepted usage in Perhutani thoroughly.
To increase the efficiency of rattan utilization, the effort has been conducted by producing rattan composite lumber from unused big diameter rattan. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of layer compositions on the properties of rattan composite lumber (RCL). Rattan strips for RCL fabrication were prepared from Calamus zollingeri, bamboo strips were prepared from Gigantochloa robusta and Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae, while wood veneer was prepared from Melia azedarach. Laboratory scale of four kinds of RCL, i.e. rattan bare core (RBC), laminated rattan mayan bamboo lumber (MRM), laminated rattan andong bamboo lumber [ARA], and laminated rattan veneer lumber (VRV) with the dimension of 50 cm x 15 cm x thickness of RCL were fabricated using isocyanate adhesive. Results showed that the properties of RCL were significantly affected by layer compositions. Bamboo strips and wood veneer lamination on the surfaces of RBC improved the physical and mechanical properties of RCL. The improvement in thickness swelling of RCL varied from 35% (ARA)-75.7% (VRV), whereas the improvement in MOR, MOE and compression strength of RCL varied from 6.7% (VRV)-54.4% (ARA), from 40.9% (VRV)-276.8% (ARA) and from 12.8% (VRV)-54.1% (ARA), respectively. Laminated rattan-bamboo lumber and laminated rattan veneer lumber were suitable for furniture material.
An investigation on residual stand damages due to log skidding using a skidding tractor was carried out at one logging company in Central Kalimantan in 2012. The objective is to find out information about residual stand damages on trees, poles, and sapling caused by Conventional Log Skidding (CLS system) and Low Impact Log Skidding (LILS system). Data on stand potency consists of tree, pole and sapling levels as well as the number of trees felled were collected. The investigation revealed that damage to the level of standing trees, poles, and sapling skidding caused by CLS system at PT Gunung Meranti was 11.40% (Coefficient of variation/CV) 7.95%; 9.53% (CV 14.74%) and 14.84% (CV 16.92%), respectively. The average damage of standing trees, poles and sapling caused by LILS system in PT Gunung Meranti respectively was 9.85% (CV 14.00%); 7.54% (CV 9.81%) and 12,55% (CV 16.60%). LILS system could reduce the damages to the standing trees.
Currently, natural forest management companies (concession permit of timber forest products utilization-natural forest/IUPHHK-HA) have implemented Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) technology but timber harvesting is still carried out using the conventional method. Tree length logging is an alternative method of harvesting wood in an effort to reduced waste and increases the efficiency of the utilization of timber forest products and the preservation of natural production forests. The potential for wood harvesting waste is estimated at 2.21 million m3year−1 and has remained left in the cutting compartment for decades. The purpose of this paper is to obtain technical and financial information about forest harvesting on a zero waste basis. Data collection was carried out by experimental methods. Productivity, efficiency, cost, and stand damage data were collected. The results of the research in three IUPHHK-HA in Central Kalimantan show that the zero waste logging method can reduced harvesting waste by 5.1% and increase the efficiency of wood utilization from 87.7-92.8%. Another advantage of the zero waste logging method is that the additional waste from the trunk above the first branch is about 5.8%. The productivity of the conventional method averaged 26.333 m3hour−1 at a cost of IDR 33,941 m−3 while the tree length logging method was 27.320 m3hour−1 at a cost of IDR 35,251 m−3. It is suggested that the tree length logging method be implemented in natural production forest harvesting.
Timber harvesting in natural production forests in Indonesia is still carried out to his day in the form of a bussines license for the utilization of timber forest products-natural forests (IUPHHK-HA). IUPHHK-HA holders have not fully implemented Reduced Impact Logging (RIL). Forest harvesting activities consisting of felling, skidding, bucking, loading, unloading, and transportation of logs are aimed at without significantly disturbing log production and its environment. The purpose of this review is to provide information on RIL in Indonesia. The collection of data was done by using a desk study. Data on productivity, efficiency, costs, damage to the residual stands, and the impact of RIL on emissions were collected. Several research results showed that: (1) logging productivities generally decreased when compared to Conventional Logging (CL), (2) logging efficiency generally increased when compared to CL, (3) logging costs generally increased in the short term, (4) residual stand damages generally reduced when compared to CL, and (5) RIL has potential to reduce emissions compared to CL. It is necessary to do the following: harvest planning such as mapping and distribution of trees, skid trail alignment, design of landings; harvest preparation such as the opening of skid trails, opening of landing places; harvesting such as determining felling direction, felling, skidding, and closure of harvesting such as closure of skid trails and landings.
Timber hauling has a main goal to remove timber from forestland to the wood processing industry or directly to consumers. The hauling should be managed efficiently, so that the smooth running of transport should be prioritized. Slip is a serious obstacle that must be anticipated when hauling using trucks. It can reduce labor productivity and increase cost of hauling. The experiment was conducted in April 2014 in the RPH Ciogong, BKPH Tanggeung, Cianjur KPH Perhutani Unit III West Java and Banten. The purpose of research is to find out the use of auxiliary tools for reducing road slip in teak land hauling. The auxiliary tools were designed and manufactured in the workshop. The tools were then applied on the truck wheels in various slopes of slip. Results showed that: the average slip on slope class 0-8%, 9-15%
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.