Adoption of goat production technology consists of health, breeding, nutrition, pasture and fodder and management. The study was conducted in Krishnagandaki VDC of Syangja district with the objective of exploring the existing goat production technology adoption at the farm level. The methodology of the study included household survey, participatory rural appraisal and secondary data analysis. Most of the farmers raised goats in the villages. Overall farmers reported that the average adoption of goat production technology was (42.2%). The study revealed that farmers adopted breeding technology (53.5%), health technology (34.8%), nutrition technology (36.2%), management technology (53.9%) and pasture, fodder and agro-forestry technology (32.4%).Key words: breeding; health; nutrition; pasture; managementDOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4127Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 79-82
Oat (Avena sativa) is considered as one of the best fodders to mitigate the present seasonal feed deficit for ruminants in Nepal. The study was undertaken to evaluate eleven oat varieties for fodder and seed yield at the Khumaltar condition from December 2021 to April 2022. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The fodder oat varieties; Ever leaf, Titan, Baler no. 1, Sweet oat, Monida, Qingyin no. 1, Qinghai no. 444, Kona, Swan Pak, Longford, and Netra (as a check variety) were used as the treatments. An experimental unit was a 4 m × 3 m sized plot with the row to row spacing of 0.30 m and continuous sowing within a row. A total of two cuttings were taken for fodder. The observations on growth and yielding characters comprising of plant height, leaf area, number of tillers plant-1, number of leaves/tiller, fodder dry matter, seed and straw yield were recorded. The results showed the fodder dry matter yields ranged from 2.35 to 3.58 t/ha and were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the varieties. The seed and straw yields were obtained statistically different (p<0.05) among the varieties. Netra (2.90 t/ha) and Kona (2.88 t/ha) produced higher seed yields. Similarly, the highest straw yield was produced for the variety Longford (8.73 t/ha).
A study was undertaken to compare the productivity and nutrient compositions of different varieties of fodder triticale (xTriticosecale W.) from 2019 to 2021. The experiments were laid-out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments consisting three varieties of triticale (Winter Max, Crack Jack, and Bolt) and one local wheat variety (as a check), with three replications. The fodder dry matter (DM) yields of evaluated varieties significantly varied (p<0.05) in 2020 and in 2021, although it was non-significant in pooled data analysis of three years. The interaction effects of the varieties and locations on fodder dry matter yield were non-significant in 2019, 2020 and pooled data analysis of three years but was significantly different in 2021. The seed yield was statistically different for the varieties in different years and also in pooled data analysis. Similarly, the interaction effects of varieties and locations were significantly different in seed yields in all three years. The seed yields were significantly different for the fodder triticale varieties in both the locations and pooled data analysis. The interaction effects of varieties and years were significant for seed yields. The average protein percentage was ranged from 8.88 to 10.39%. Bolt performed well in terms of dry matter and Winter Max did well in terms of seed production in different years while Crack Jack was found to be best for the protein percentage. The temporal and spatial effects on varieties indicate the need of the further niche or region-specific studies.
Hydroponic fodder production technology involves an intensive method of quality fodder production in less space and in a shorter duration. An experiment was conducted to compare the different cereal grains under hydroponic fodder production for the fodder yield, fodder quality, and per unit production cost in a locally constructed polyhouse. Maize (Zea mays L.), oat (Avena sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were evaluated as the treatments. The experiment was carried out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 12 replications at National Pasture and Fodder Research Program in July 2017 and July 2018. The observations were taken on plant morphological characters, fodder yield (including root mat), fodder nutrient composition and expenses in variable costs. The results of the study showed that the fodder yield varied significantly (P<0.05) for different cereal grains. The hydroponic fodder yields from each kg grain were recorded higher in fodder oat (7.96 kg) compared to wheat (6.76 kg) and maize (5.32 kg). Similarly, the crude protein (CP) content of the fodder was higher in wheat (16.16%) compared to oat (13.96%) and maize (12.51%). The cost of hydroponic maize, oat and wheat fodder production were obtained as recorded NPR 20.64, 24.67 and 18.76 per kg, respectively.
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of hydroponics maize fodder on growth and nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets from July 1st, 2017 to August 11th, 2017, for six weeks. The experiment consisted of 75 days old, 15 crossbreed piglets (Duroc x Nagpuri & Duroc) in a Completely Randomized Design with three treatments and five replications. Treatment 1 (T1) contained 100% concentrate feed, Treatment 2 (T2) 90% concentrate feed and 10% hydroponics maize fodder and Treatment 3 (T3) 80% concentrate feed and 20% hydroponics maize fodder in the diet. The study revealed that hydroponics maize fodder contained DM 13.80%, CP 12.54%, NDF 47.04%, and ADL 16.51%. The treatments had non-significant effect (P > 0.05) on daily weight gain, final weight and feed conversion ratio of the piglets. However, piglets fed with 90% concentrate and 10% hydroponics maize fodder had the highest final weight (35.8±5.0 kg), while the lowest (33.6±5.00 kg) was recorded in piglets fed with 80% concentrate and 20% hydroponics maize fodder. The cost of hydroponics maize fodder production was Rs. 20.62 per kg, which was higher than the cost in the Indian context. The difference in Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was also not significant. However, piglets fed with T2 (1:2.58) diet recorded higher FCR than T3 (1:2.56) and T1 (1:2.51). In conclusion, the inclusion of hydroponics maize fodder in piglets diet appeared promising in growth, nutrient digestibility and cost of production.
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