The science of securing a data by encryption is Cryptography whereas the method of hiding secret messages in other messages is Steganography, so that the secret's very existence is concealed. The term 'Steganography' describes the method of hiding cognitive content in another medium to avoid detection by the intruders. This paper introduces two new methods wherein cryptography and steganography are combined to encrypt the data as well as to hide the encrypted data in another medium so the fact that a message being sent is concealed. One of the methods shows how to secure the image by converting it into cipher text by S-DES algorithm using a secret key and conceal this text in another image by steganographic method. Another method shows a new way of hiding an image in another image by encrypting the image directly by S-DES algorithm using a key image and the data obtained is concealed in another image. The proposed method prevents the possibilities of steganalysis also.
In this paper we study a general energy minimization problem for mixed-criticality systems on multi-cores, considering different system operation modes, and static & dynamic energy consumption. While making global scheduling decisions, trade-offs in energy consumption between different modes and also between static and dynamic energy consumption are required. Thus, such a problem is challenging. To this end, we first develop an optimal solution analytically for unicore and a corresponding low-complexity heuristic. Leveraging this, we further propose energy-aware mapping techniques and explore energy savings for multi-cores. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to investigate mixed-criticality energy minimization in such a general setting. The effectiveness of our approaches in energy reduction is demonstrated through both extensive simulations and a realistic industrial application.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.