The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for self-reported diabetes mellitus (DM) in the adult population of the Central-West region of Brazil. In 2013, a cross-sectional study using the data from the National Health Survey and comprising 7519 individuals aged ≥18 years from the Central-West region was conducted. Participants were interviewed at their homes about sociodemographic data and risk factors for DM. To verify the risk factors with DM, the Poisson regression model was used. The analyses were performed for the total sample and stratified according to sex. The prevalence of DM was 6.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 5.7–7.3). The diagnosis of self-reported DM was 4.3% in men and 7.5% in women. In the global sample, it was found that age between 40–59 years and ≥60 years, previous smoking (former smoker), self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity were independently associated with self-reported DM. In men, risk factors were: Age ≥ 60 years, self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, and obesity. In women, risk factors were: Age 30–39 years, 40–59 years, and ≥60 years, previous smoking (former smoker), self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity. Conclusion: The prevalence of DM was 6.5%. DM was associated with advanced age; previous smoking (former smoker), hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity. Some differences in risk factors between men and women were noted.
Introduction: Women present a higher prevalence of negative self-assessment of health (NSAH) when compared to men. However, there is a gap in the literature of factors associated with NSAH in women from developing countries such as Brazil. In addition, few studies have assessed the magnitude of the association between multimorbidity and NSAH in this population. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between NSAH and sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and multimorbidity in women from the Midwest region of Brazil. Methods: A study based on data from the National Health Survey, a household survey that investigated health situation, lifestyle and risk factors for chronic diseases in the adult population of Brazil, was held. Sampling was performed in multiple stages. The selected women answered a standardized questionnaire on sociodemographic data, self-assessment of health and potential determinants. Poisson regression was used to analyze the association between NSAH and sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and multimorbidity. A significance level of 0.05% was established. Results: The study included 4233 women. The prevalence of NSAH found was 6.0% (95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 5.1–7.0%). There was an association between NSAH and advancing age, low schooling, physical inactivity and multimorbidity. Furthermore, there was an association between NSAH and diseases/disorders such as chronic back pain, systemic arterial hypertension, mental disorders, depression, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, cancer, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The prevalence of NSAH was low. A strong association was found between this variable and multimorbidity. In addition, increased age, low schooling and physical inactivity were predictors of NSAH in women.
O uso de sistemas wetlands construídos (SWC) para o tratamento de águas contaminadas em áreas urbanas é uma alternativa viável pois reduz o consumo de energia e, portanto, os custos econômicos, além de minimizar a poluição ambiental. Este trabalho teve como propósito o tratamento de águas contaminadas por esgotos domésticos utilizando um sistema wetland construído de fluxo superficial de águas livres (SWC-FSAL) controlado por uma placa de Arduino UNO e plantado com C. surinamensis (Cyperaceae). O estudo foi conduzido de outubro a novembro de 2021. As amostras de águas contaminadas foram coletadas em uma área na Bacia Hidrográfica do São Raimundo (Manaus - AM) e as mudas de C. surinamensis em uma área urbana de Manaus. Para avaliar a eficiência do tratamento das águas contaminadas foram realizadas 4 bateladas de experimentos em um período de 120 h. Os resultados das análises em laboratório mostraram reduções eficientes para: N-NH4+ (97,39%), N-NO3- (92,10%), PTotal (66,82%), PO43- (66,32%); DBO5 (95,37%); coliformes fecais (E. coli) ( >24196,6 NMP/100 mL – ausente); turbidez (76,30%) e STS (64,20%). Os resultados alcançados mostraram que o SWC-FSAL plantado com C. surinamensis foi capaz de remediar águas contaminadas por esgotos domésticos de acordo com o CONAMA (resoluções 357 de 2005 e 430 de 2011). Portanto, a água após o tratamento no SWC-FSAL pode ser reutilizada para destinos como irrigação e recreação de contato secundário, bem como ser descartada no ambiente.
RESUMO -Pesquisas têm demonstrado que a ampla gama de comunidades microbianas nativas da região Amazônica apresentam grupos promissores com grande interesse biotecnológico. Este trabalho teve como finalidade selecionar um consórcio microbiano composto por fungos isolados a partir da macrófita Eichhornia crassipes Mart. Solms. Para tanto, foi empregado um teste de biodegradabilidade utilizando-se o indicador redox 2,6-diclorofenol indofenol (DCPIP), que indica a ocorrência de oxidação biológica através da mudança da coloração do meio de cultivo de azulado para transparente. A escolha do consórcio baseou-se na velocidade de degradação dos contaminantes em até 76 horas de experimento. De acordo com os ensaios, os fungos codificados: F01, F06, F13, F14, F19, F23 e F27 apresentaram tempo de degradação do petróleo bruto em até 48 horas, o que indica que os mesmos podem constituir consórcios fúngicos promissores para tratamento de água por biorremediação.
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