An outbreak of respiratory adenovirus infection in children was observed in northern Taiwan between November 2004 and February 2005. Using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) to determine the serotype(s) of 172 adenovirus isolates in the outbreak period, we found that adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) was the predominant type (87.2%), followed by Ad2 (6.4%), Ad1 (4.1%), Ad7 (1.2%), Ad4 (0.6%), and Ad5 (0.6%). The genotype of Ad3 was analyzed for 15 isolates from the outbreak period by RFLP of the full‐length genome. All these isolates belonged to genotype Ad3a2. Compared with the Ad3‐infected patients in the baseline period, a significantly higher proportion of Ad3‐infected patients in the outbreak period had severe infections (58.0% vs. 40.2%, P = 0.01), which included bronchopneumonia (28.7%), exudative tonsillitis (24.1%), and tonsillitis (16.1%). Moreover, patients with severe infections were significantly younger than those without (4.10 vs. 8.15 years, P < 0.001). In summary, our study demonstrated that Ad3 was the predominant serotype responsible for the respiratory adenovirus outbreak in northern Taiwan during 2004–2005 and was associated with severe infections in the outbreak period. J. Med. Virol. 80:102–112, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Outbreaks of sexually transmitted hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections have been recently reported in HIV-

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