BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: ADC measurements have been shown to have an inverse relationship with tumor cell density. DCE-MR imaging modeling techniques can produce a measurement of the v e , which would also be expected to have an inverse relationship with cell density. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that areas of increased cellularity, and therefore low ADC, would be expected to have a small EES (low v e ).

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To assess the diagnostic ability of abbreviated protocols of MRI (AP-MRI) compared with unenhanced MRI (UE-MRI) in mammographically occult cancers in patients with dense breast tissue. The retrospective analysis consisted of 102 patients without positive findings on mammography who received preoperative MRI full diagnostic protocols (FDP) between January 2015 and December 2018. Two breast radiologists read the UE, AP, and FDP. The interpretation times were recorded. The comparisons of the sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of each MRI protocol, and the sensitivity of these protocols in each subgroup of different size tumors used the Chi-square test. The paired sample t-test was used for evaluating the difference of reading time of the three protocols. Among 102 women, there were 68 cancers and two benign lesions in 64 patients and 38 patients had benign or negative findings. Both readers found the sensitivity and specificity of AP and UE-MRI were similar (p > 0.05), whereas compared with FDP, UE had lower sensitivity (Reader 1/Reader 2: p = 0.023, 0.004). For different lesion size groups, one of the readers found that AP and FDP had higher sensitivities than UE-MRI for detecting the lesions ≤ 10 mm in diameter (p = 0.041, p = 0.023). Compared with FDP, the average reading time of UE-MRI and AP was remarkably reduced (p < 0.001). AP-MRI had more advantages than UE-MRI to detect mammographically occult cancers, especially for breast tumors ≤ 10 mm in diameter.

A 45-year-old female patient presented with symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria, menopause, headache, gait disturbance and deteriorated mental state. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an irregular mass in the anterior third ventricle. The tumor was excised using a transfrontal approach from the anterior section of the third ventricle. The histological diagnosis was of an intracranial pure yolk sac tumor. The patient underwent radiotherapy and suffered no tumor recurrence one year after the surgery. Overall, when heterogeneous enhancement and an irregular mass with surrounding invasion and ventricular dilation are observed in the anterior third ventricle of an adult, a yolk sac tumor should be considered, and MRI may aid the differential diagnosis. A combination of surgical resection and radiotherapy is recommended for the yolk sac tumor.

Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between the minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC min ) value and the histological grade of breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). In total, 129 pathologically verified lesions that were subjected to dynamic breast magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion weighted imaging prior to biopsy were included. The ADC min value was calculated and its correlation with the tumor histological grade was inves- and (0.86±0.13)x10 -3 mm 2 /sec, respectively. Statistically significant differences were detected in the mean ADC min value between tumors of grades II and III (P<0.01), as well as between tumors of grades I and II (P<0.01). In addition, the mean ADC min values for the less aggressive (grades I and II) and more aggressive (grade III) groups were (1.01±0.13)x10 -3 and (0.86±0.13)x10 -3 mm 2 /sec, respectively (t=5.76, P<0.01). In conclusion, these data indicated that the ADC min value was correlated with the IDC histological grade, and lower ADC min values were associated with a higher histological grade and more aggressiveness. Thus, the ADC min value may be considered as a promising prognostic parameter in identifying tumor aggressiveness.