The additions of oil and gas reserves through enhance oil recovery (EOR) projects and or finding new exploration plays are challenging nowadays. Reserve replacement ratio is far from ideal condition especially for mature PSC in Indonesia. Low oil price environment worse this condition by decreasing revenue for operator. Both exploration and EOR will require three to five years to add reserves and improve the oil and gas production rate. In another hand, marginal fields which still have remaining reserves and the potential for production are less considered for development. Integrated and careful scenario should be arranged to deal with. TBA Field is an offshore field located in Salawati Kepala Burung Block, West Papua Province, Indonesia. It was discovered in 1975 and had been producing since 2006. From the initial data, this field was expected to produce up to 4.32 MMBO from 9 MMBO OOIP. Current recovery factor is around 45%. There are 3 wells on this field, with two actives and one already been P&A. TBA Field was closed in 2010 with the last oil production 1,250 BOPD from 1 well. The remaining reserves and production profile TBA became unattractive for contractor's due to high cost for the rental of Floating Production Storage & Offloading (FPSO) facilities. TBA wells are produced through well–to-well gas lift. This method can increase the daily production of TBA field. In addition, the use of gas lift to minimize pressure loss along the wellbore can extend the life of the well and increase the cumulative recoverable reserves. Thus, this field is more soundly in economic for reactivation. This paper will concern on how to reactivate the two wells in the TBA field by considering remaining reserves, recovery factor, production forecast, optimizing gas lift operation, and economics. To be more fruitful, sensitivity for FPSO daily rental cost and oil price will be added in the discussion part.
Lean gas injection in gas field is a good alternative to maintain reservoir pressure, minimize the condensate banking near wellbore and to mitigate the oversupply operation during low market. In this study, past gas cycling operation was examined to see the operability aspects and subsurface implications. The Arun gas field was found in 1971. A 10,000 ft depth gas-condensate reservoir was found to have 503 ft thickness in average and 21,450 acres area with 7100 psig initial pressure and 352°F. Initial condensate-gasratio (CGR) was 50 bbl/MMSCF. The reservoir has 16.2% average porosity and initial water saturation (Swi) of 17%. Volumetric original gas in place is calculated to be 17 TSCF (excluded impurities). Baong shale underlain reefal carbonate of Arun reservoir is identified as the cap rock. Cumulative condensate production is 846 MMSTB. Approximately 5 TSCF (30% OGIP) had been recycled during 1977 – 1998. Not many gas fields in the world with gas recycling had achieved 95% recovery factor. This paper will deliver the results of gas cycling, i.e. delay reservoir pressure decline, and maintain CGR and economic improvement of this field. Surface facilities and operation aspect will also be elaborated. Production and pressure data show that gas cycling indeed contribute to the improvement of field recovery factor and economics. This paper should help the development of other new gas fields especially for carbonate gas reservoirs. The successful gas cycling in Arun field will encourage other gas field operators to implement the same methods.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.