This paper deal with incineration of the oil palm empty fruit brunches into biochar as carbon fertilizer for planting medium. The inceration process uses carbonized technology at temperature of 400 °F, developed by Ishenny Noor (2015). Application of 22-23% biochar as carbon fertilizer could increase soil carbon content from 0,4-0,7% to 2% / Ha, physical and chemical soil quality, ground water storage, fertilizer activity of soil microorganisms, soil nutrients. Application of biochar on rice plantation yielded 10 tons / ha of black rice / Ha, while application on oil palm plantation yielded oil palm fruit bunch of 20 to 40 kg / bunch. Production of biochar from oil palm empty bunches could give an extra profit for a palm oil processing factory by Rp. 471,926,000 a year (with a capacity of 100 tons/hour of the oil palm empty bunches in 24 hour operation a day) with the ROI of 78%/years, and B/C ratio of 1,71.
AbstrakPengolahan limbah yang tercantum di dalam Standar Nasional Indonesia SNI 3242:2008. meliputi kegiatan pemisahan, daur ulang dan composting. Kondisi ini masih meninggalkan sampah B3 ke rumah sakit atau ke tempat penampungan akhir (TPA). Penyelesaian masalah limbah non-B3 dan B3 harus dengan teknologi yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi atas penanganan limbah dari sampah domestik non-B3 maupun B3 di rumah sakit yang saat ini mengacu pada SNI 3242:2008. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Kota Langsa Propinsi Aceh. Metode penelitian mencakup kajian teknologi pengolahan limbah yang dapat mengatasi limbah non-B3 dan B3, analisis biokatalis dalam menurunkan energi aktivasi den kajian teknologi karbonisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi karbonisasi mampu merubah sampah non-B3 dan B3 menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomi serta bermanfaat untuk memperbaiki lingkungan. Teknologi karbonisasi tidak menghasilkan polusi dari prosesnya sehingga layak digunakan di rumah sakit karena sesuai dengan SNI yang terkait dengan persyaratan emisi gas buang (SNI 19-7117.2-2005). Manfaat lain yang diperoleh dengan menerapkan teknologi karbonisasi adalah biokarbon, asap cair, pupuk cair, syngas dan steam (pasteurisasi di rumah sakit). Kata kunci: standar, mutu, SNI 3242:2008, limbah, non-B3, B3, rumah sakit, teknologi karbonisasi. AbstractWaste treatment listed in Indonesian National Standard SNI 3242: 2008. including separation, recycling and composting activities. This condition still leaves the B3 waste to the hospital or to the final shelter (TPA). The solving of non-B3 and B3 waste problems must be with environmentally friendly technology. This study aims to provide solutions for handling waste from non-B3 or B3 domestic waste in hospitals that currently refer to SNI 3242: 2008. This research was conducted at Langsa General Hospital of Aceh Province. The research method includes the study of waste treatment technology that can overcome the non-B3 and B3 wastes, biocatalyst analysis in reducing the activation energy and carbonation technology study. The results show that carbonization technology is able to transform non-B3 and B3 waste into economic value and useful products improve the environment. Carbonation technology does not produce pollution from the process so it is feasible to be used in hospitals because it is in accordance with SNI related to exhaust emission requirements (SNI 19-7117.2-2005). Other benefits gained by applying carbonization technology are biocarbon, liquid smoke, liquid fertilizer, syngas and steam (pasteurization at the hospital).
Pengolahan gambir di Sumatera Barat pada awalnya menggunakan peralatan Kampo dalam mengekstrak gambir, peralatan kampo banyak menguras tenaga pekerja, pengolahan dalam sehari maksimum 4 kali, dengan rendemen gambir 8-9 %, dalam sehari hanya mampu produksi gambir sebesar 14 kg-16 kg. Rekayasa peralatan hidrolik pres gambir bertujuan agar pekerja tidak terlalu menguras tenaga, pengolahan dapat dilakukan lebih dari 20 kali, dengan rendeman di atas 10 %. Peralatan hidrolik pres gambir dirancang menggunakan bahan plat H Frame dari bahan baja merupakan hasil inovasi untuk meringankan tenaga kerja, mempercepat proses pengolahan, menghasilkan produk gambir yang konstan mutunya dan meningkatkan produksi gambir. Peralatan hidrolik pres mampu melakukan proses pengolahan sebanyak 42 kali perhari dengan hasil perhari 210 kg-252 kg, dalam sebulan menghasilkan produksi gambir sebesar 6,3 ton-7,56 ton dengan nilai ekonomi sebesar Rp 277.200.000 sampai Rp 332.640.000 ,-/bulan. Kata kunci : rekayasa peralatan, inovasi proses, kualitas, kuantitas, dan nilai ekonomi
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