Infection Prevention and Control is a Quality Standard and is crucial in all health care facilities.Many hospitals remain deficient in trained infection control professionals (ICPs), and now there is an acute awareness of the need to correct this shortfall. The objectives of the study were to describe the current status of ICP programs at ministry of health (MOH) and to evaluate the current status of infection prevention and control programs at health care facilities in kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A cross sectional interview and a self assessment study were conducted on infection prevention and control (IPC) program in Saudi Arabia. All the MOH hospital in all regions was randomly chosen to the study setting. The selection of facilities was done at random with a clear intention to include twenty regions. A random sample was taken from these hospitals with sample size 56 (55.4%), by Multi stage random sampling technique. Results showed that the total facility in all over the kingdom was 51.4% where central area covered the facility score 58.2%, followed by western area (54.8%), south (53.7%), east (46.3%), and lastly with (45.8%) north area. Survey revealed that the infrastructure for infection control program in Saudi Arabian hospitals remained underdeveloped. There were defects in the identified components of effective infection control programs.

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Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the knowledge and practice about COVID-19 among adults living in capital of Telangana, India. Methods: A cross sectional web based online study was conducted over a period of 3 months from April to June using structured self-administered online questionnaires. We targeted adults living in Hyderabad using convenience sampling technique. A total of 384 respondents completed the study questionnaires. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the status of knowledge, attitude, and practices. Results: Most of the respondents were male (65.1%) aged between 21-30 years (220 out of 384). The most common source of information for the COVID-19 was social media (50.7%). Almost 78% of the respondents were known that COVID-19 associated with dry cough, body pains and fever. Also majority of them were knew that disease can transfer from the infected patients (87%), while most of them (85%) were agreed that wearing facemask can help in controlling the infection. Almost all (92%) of the respondents agreed that isolation and treatment of COVID-19 patients may help in controlling the spread of virus. There was a significant difference among the attitudes of the participants about covid-19 (p <.001). Conclusion:In conclusion current study findings reveled that Indian residents of a telangana state, have had adequate knowledge, attitudes, and acceptable practices towards COVID-19.

Objective: Vaccine storage is essential to ensure optimal vaccine effectiveness. Cold chain is a series of storage and transport links, designed to keep the vaccine at the correct temperature till it reaches the user. To evaluate the Cold Chain Expanded Program on Immunization at Governmental and Private Health Care Centers in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2021 in government and private primary health care centers of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were included. Data collection was carried out using standardized check list developed by Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH) and World Health Organization (WHO). Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (C) and IBM SPSS 26 (IBM Inc.) Results: The results showed that the mean score of Room and Refrigerator Elements for governmental PHCs was 8.8(±0.82), while it was 8.3(±1.86) for private PHCs. The mean temperature monitoring device score for government PHCs was 4.0 (0.0), and the 3.65 (±0.92) for PHCs centers. The mean temperature chart (record keeping) score for governmental PHCs was 2.55(±0.5) and 1.8(±1.2) for private PHCs. The mean maintenance and operations score for governmental PHCs was 4.6 (±0.49), while it was 4.1 (±0.84) for private PHCs. The mean scores of all cold chain components differed significantly between government and private facilities (p=0.000). Conclusion: Our study highlights the cold chain management programs Saudi Arabia. More importantly governmental PHC centers in the current settings comply with the standards to the guidelines, provided by Saudi Ministry of Health and WHO, was observed, in comparison to private PHC centers.