SCORING IN AD• Scoring systems are used in assessing therapeutic interventions in AD • The scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) combines both disease extent and severity, is validated adequately on construct validity, inter-observer reliability and sensitivity to change and is developed both for children and adult patients • The six area six sign atopic dermatitis (SASSAD) severity score measures six different severity signs on six different body parts, has adequate inter observer reliability and is equally applicable to children and adults. ABSTRACT Introduction:Atopic dermatitis is an enigmatic chronically relapsing dermatosis which is difficult to quantify. Present scoring systems have their inherent limitations. Aims and Objectives:To evaluate and compare the scoring systems SCORAD and SASSAD for atopic dermatitis and to correlate values with clinical and hematological parameters. Materials and Methods:Fifty patients of atopic dermatitis were selected and assessed at presentation and at four weeks using SCORAD and SASSAD. Appropriate haematological investigations were done at the time of assessments. The data obtained was assessed statistically. Results:The changes in both the SCORAD and SASSAD correlated with the changes in clinical and hematological profile.Conclusion: SCORAD seems to be a better scoring system as it addresses both the subjective and objective parameters.
Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability. Total knee replacement (TKR) is one of the most effective surgical procedures, providing improvement in function and relief of pain for the majority of patients. Intra-articular tranexamic acid [TXA] and multimodal cocktail (mixture of ketorolac, tramadol and bupivacaine) are commonly used drugs which help to reduce postoperative bleeding and pain respectively, improving outcome of surgery. Objective: To compare the postoperative blood loss and pain with or without Intra-articular tranexamic acid and multimodal cocktail respectively in patients undergoing total knee replacement Material and Methods: A total of 96 patients of either gender presenting to Orthopaedics department of Government Medical College, Amritsar, with knee osteoarthritis and planned to undergo total knee replacement were enrolled. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A being the control group was not given tranexamic acid [TXA] but only standard drugs for anesthesia. Group B patients were given 3gm intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid. Group C patients were given a multimodal cocktail (mixture of ketorolac, tramadol and bupivacaine. TKR was done and patients were followed-up for 72 hours. Blood loss and pain score after every 24 hours for 72 hours were noted. Intra-articular injections were given just before wound closure. Results: The mean age of patients in control group was 48.92±13.22years, in TXA group was 52.31±14.69 years and in cocktail group was 50.22±9.63years. The male to female ratio was 11:21, 14:18 and 10:22 in three groups respectively. The total blood loss during first 72 hours was 1030.1±177.27ml in control group, 453.7±80.4ml in TXA group while 607.7±122.5ml in cocktail group. The difference was significant in all three groups and also between TXA and cocktail group (p<0.05). The mean postoperative pain score during first 72 hours was 4.4±2.3in control group, 2.4±1.5 in TXA group while 1.8±1.0in cocktail group. The difference was significant in all three groups (p<0.05) but insignificant between TXA and cocktail group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results showed that intra-articular injection of TXA is beneficial in reducing blood loss and postoperative pain in comparison to control group. While pain was better controlled with the multimodal cocktail compared to TXA group and control group. Keywords: Post-operative blood loss, Intra-articular injection, tranexamic acid, cocktail, total knee replacement
Accurate and detailed operation notes are of great importance in all surgical specialties not only for safe patient care but also for providing information for research, audit, and medico legal purposes. Thus, importance of complete and legible operation notes is indisputable. Orthopaedic operation notes at the Government Medical College, Amritsar were audited against guidelines regarding content and legibility. Although of generally good standard it was found that in some cases important information was being missed and that a high proportion of notes had sections that were deemed illegible. A computerized pro forma for writing notes has been proposed. Also. It has been proposed that all the Resident Doctors of Department should undergo training for writing notes and Aide Memoires be placed throughout the OT Complex. Keywords: orthopaedic, operation notes, audit.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.