As it has a great impact on maternal quality of life, both the otorhinolaryngologist and the obstetrician must be careful concerning the early diagnosis and treatment of gestational rhinitis, considering the safety of treatment measures and drugs and their current level of evidence.

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Rhi noplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) is an easy-to-use questionnaire that allows comprehensive assessment of rhinoplasty-related patient satisfaction. However, normal values for this questionnaire are not known.Objective: To translate and cross-culture adapt the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese and to establish normality parameters. Materials and Methods:Cross-sectional study with ROE administration to 62 patients waiting for rhinoplasty or septorhinoplasty (Cases) and 100 volunteer subjects without desire or need for nasal surgery (Controls). Assessment of possible sensitivity and specificity cutoffs. Results:The cases' mean score was 6.6 or 27.5% (SD 3.18; min 0; max 15) and controls' mean score was 17.94 or 74.75% (SD 3.91; min 7; max 24). The best cutoff was 12 or 50%, with 95.16% sensitivity and 95% specificity. Conclusion:At the zero-to-24 score of the Brazilian Portuguese ROE, we found 12 as the best cutoff, with 95.16% of sensitivity and 95% of specificity. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;78(4):76-9. ORIGINAL ARTICLE BJORL

It is well known that mouth breathing is associated with adenotonsillar hypertrophy -which is the main cause of obstructive sleep apnea among children. Despite the importance of this matter, there are only a handful of studies showing the relationship between OSAS and mouth breathing.Aim: to determine the prevalence of obstructive sleep disorders in mouth breathing children and study its correlation with otorhinolaryngological findings. Study design: Retrospective cohort study.Method: Data analysis from 248 medical charts of mouth breathing children seen at the Pediatric Otolaryngologic Division of a large medical institution between the years of 2000 and 2006. All patients had nasofibroscopy and or Cavum radiographs and polysomnographic exams. According to the Apnea index, patients were classified as primary snorers (AI<1); and as OSAS (≥1). Results:From 248 patients included in the study, 144 (58%) were primary snorers and 104 (42%) had OSAS. The most prevalent otorhinolaryngological findings were adenotonsillar hypertrophy (n=152; 61.2%), tonsilar hypertrophy (n=17; 6.8%), adenoid hypertrophy (n=37; 14.9%), rhinitis (n=155; 62.5%) and secretory otitis (n=36; 14.5%).Conclusions: primary snoring and OSAS are frequent findings in mouth breathing children. The most frequent otorhinolaryngological disorder in children with OSAS is adenotonsillar hypertrophy with or without rhinitis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(5):552-6. ORIGINAL ARTICLE BJORL