The environmental damage suffered by urban water bodies and the need for public water supply result in a greater interest in techniques that enable water treatment in an efficient and ecological way, such as River Bank Filtration (RBF). This technique uses the soil as a filtering medium, as well as the biological activities of organisms that dwell in the Hyporheic Zone (HZ), the zone of interaction between the surface water body and its underlying aquifer. Knowledge of sediments and hyporheic organisms is indispensable to study RBF. The present paper aimed to characterize the HZ of the middle section of Beberibe river (Pernambuco State, Brazil) in its sedimentological and biological aspects, with sampling druing the rainy and dry seasons, in two distinct sampling sites, one in a conserved area and the other in a highly urbanized area. Biological characterization was performed at the level of large taxonomic groups of meiofauna, accounting for 982 individuals, with the three most abundant taxa being Nematoda, Annelida, and Rotifera. Permutational Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) statistical tests were performed, showing significant differences for the season and point factors (p < 0.05) in relation to abundance. The highest concentration of individuals and total organic matter were seen in the rainy season, especially at the point located in the urbanized area. With sedimentological characterization by grain size tests of the hyporheic sediments, the predominance of silt was observed during the rainy season, and sandy during the dry season. It was concluded that the main factor that influenced the structure of the meiofauna community was the release of domestic effluents. The information obtained by the present work helps to understand some features of the HZ, which is essential for RBF or other techniques that use the interstitial matrix.
Studies on freshwater meiofauna are still enigmatic. This field of research is quite Neglected. Publications on this topic are not increasing as much as the others, showing that there is a certain gap when it comes to this area. This paper contains a brief review of what already exists on freshwater meiofauna around the world, focusing on increasing knowledge on this topic and making it a common study field in science, surveying the research in this little known area of meiofauna. For this, the methodology involved a bibliographic survey carried out from Web of Science (WoS) and SCOPUS bibliographic databases. The search was performed by title and keywords, highlighting Meiofauna (or meiobenthos), hyporheic zone (or freshwater). The results showed a number of 28 documents on freshwater meiofauna around the world, mainly concentrated in Germany. Based on this, a discussion was present given these few articles found, highlighting that the lack of researches on freshwater meiofauna community, its ecology, taxonomy and biology, which are consequently poorly known what imposes a barrier on new researchers and researches to emerge in this area and need increase scientific interest at all. It is hoped that this bibliometric review can be used as an alert about this area of meiofauna that is so important but at the same time is neglected, having a very exclusive group of authors and works, being of extreme importance a direction of research that involve freshwater meiofauna, increasing publications worldwide.
As etapas de lavagem e tingimento dos tecidos resultam em um efluente altamente poluidor, necessitando de tratamento prévio para posterior despejo em corpo hídrico. Há diversos tipos de tratamentos de efluentes, e, com base nisso, a escolha de um tratamento adequado irá depender das características químicas do efluente em questão e o seu grau de toxicidade. Este presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar e comparar a eficiência dos processos de tratamento físico-químicos coagulação-floculação seguido de adsorção e POA usando como resposta os parâmetros cor, turbidez, pH e DQO (demanda química de oxigênio). As amostras utilizadas nos testes foram advindas de uma lavanderia industrial de jeans, sendo o efluente têxtil final. Para os tratamentos, as amostras foram coletadas e não foram realizados nenhum tipo de tratamento prévio. O carvão ativado foi utilizado como adsorvente e sulfato de alumínio como coagulante. Para o tratamento estatístico foram realizados os testes de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk (α= 0,05) para depois serem realizados a regressão linear bivariada, correlação de Pearson e a correlação bivariada de Kendall para posterior análise descritiva. O POA obteve uma melhor resposta frente aos outros tratamentos e os melhores resultados para a diminuição do parâmetro analisado: DQO (96%) na quantidade de Fe+2/ H2O2 de 0,55 g.
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