SYNOPSISAqueous cationomeric polyurethanes (ACPU) were synthesized by a multistep reaction process. The alipathic diisocyanate, e.g., hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), was reacted with polyol, e.g., polypropylene glycol (PPGIOO) to form a prepolymer and it was chainextended by reacting it with N-methyldiethanolamine (N-MDEA). Quarternization was then carried out by using dimethyl sulfate (DMS), acetic acid (HAc), or hydrochloric acid (HC1). The resultant cationomers were self-emulsified with deionized water. The effect of different percentages of N-MDEA in the polymer backbone on the structure and properties of ACPU were studied. Viscosity, thermal properties, electrolytic stability, and pH stability of the cationomeric polyurethanes were also studied along with the adhesion strengths between flexible and rigid surfaces. 0 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. INTRODUCTIONPresently, the world over, there has been a trend to reduce the usage of solvents in adhesive or coating compositions, due to the environment protection act that came into force in 1992. In the light of this, water-based systems are gaining more importance. Extensive work has been done in the development of water-based anionomeric polyurethanes'-' and cationomeric polyurethanesa" which contain a very small amount of solvent. Most of the work reported on cationomeric polyurethanes is in the form of patents which contained no systematic study on their stability toward heat and pH, the film-forming ability, the effect of ionic center concentration, the effect of different quarternizing agents (&A) in the polymeric backbone, and the adhesion properties. Synthesis of cationomeric polyurethanes8''' were carried out in different ways and with a wide variety of reactants. The effect of the addition of deionized water to the cationomers on the viscosity behavior was reported?J0*'2 The rmogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studiesTo whom correspondence should be addressed.Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 62, 1993-2003 (1996) 0 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.CCC 0021-8995/96/121993-11 on aqueous cationomeric polyurethane systems were reported in specific cases.12 Therefore, in the present study, we are reporting in detail the synthesis of aqueous cationomeric polyurethanes (ACPU) with varying percentages of N-methyldiethanolamine (N-MDEA) (i.e., hard segment) and the ionic strengths. Cost-effective QAs like dimethyl sulfate (DMS), acetic acid (HAc), and hydrochloric acid (HC1) were used for quarternization instead of costlier glycolic acid.15-17 The viscosity, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetric studies (DSC) and the electrolytic and pH stability of ACPU systems were also studied. The film homogeneity and the adhesion strengths of the films between different surfaces, with varying percentages of ionic content, were also studied.
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