Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is one of the more complex parts of the spinal column. It provides mobility to the cranium and houses the spinal cord. In a healthy subject, the CVJ contributes 25% of the flexion–extension motion and 50% of the axial rotation of the neck. This work reports instrumentation development and results for evaluating implant performance in the stabilized CVJ after surgical procedures. Typically, some bony parts of the vertebrae causing compression to the spinal cord are removed and subsequently stabilized by the instrumenting implant in the CVJ. Pose estimation of the Cadaveric CVJ region is estimated using a monocular vision-based setup. The cervical spine’s first three vertebrae surround the CVJ area, where most cervical spine mobility originates. We aim to evaluate the performance of vision-based intervertebral motion estimation of the Cadaver’s CVJ in the Indian population, particularly in older people. A series of tests were performed on the Cadaver’s CVJ to evaluate the vision system-based motion estimation performance.
Background:An important stage at the very beginning of orthodontic therapy is the separation of teeth where space is created for banding of the molars. A dislodged separator may create problems if ingested or it may get wedged between the adjacent teeth causing acute localized periodontitis. In order to overcome these shortcomings of conventional separators, the Kansal Separator was conceptualized. This separator has been designed as a single device that acts simultaneously on both mesial and distal aspects of tooth, causing adequate separation. In addition to separator's independent 2 in 1 action, the self-locking connecting bar prevents the premature dislodgement of the separator.Aim:To determine the force vectors produced by Kansal separator.Materials and Methods:A prototype model was created to study the forces produced.Results:The separator's unique design is based on sound biomechanical principles that explicate the proof of concept and allows the separator to be distinctly effective and efficient in variable clinical situations, thus amplifying its uniqueness.Discussion:The Kansal Separator, a 2 in 1 orthodontic tooth separator, has a unique design enabling the device to simultaneously separate the teeth on the mesial and distal aspect of the tooth to be banded.Conclusion:Kansal Separator's unique design is based on sound biomechanical principles that explicate the proof of concept and allows the separator to be distinctly effective and efficient in variable clinical situations, thus amplifying its uniqueness.
Adequate retention of a finished orthodontic patient can be the difference between a successful or an unsuccessful treatment. The acrylic portion of the conventional Hawley's appliance causes a reduced compliance in many orthodontic patients. In an attempt to overcome the drawbacks of the previously used orthodontic retainers a tooth-borne orthodontic retainer was designed, also called the 'Kansal's retainer' (Patent pending).
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