Summary Purpose:  Jeavons syndrome (JS) is one of the underreported epileptic syndromes characterized by eyelid myoclonia (EM), eye closure–induced seizures/electroencephalography (EEG) paroxysms, and photosensitivity. JS has been proposed as idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) because of normal posterior dominant background activity and paroxysmal generalized ictal epileptiform discharges (EDs). However, we noticed subtle occipital EDs preceding EM and interictal posterior EDs using digital video‐EEG. We studied clinical and EEG findings in JS to determine the specific occipital lobe relation to this “eye closure–induced” reflex IGE. Methods:  We identified 12 children who met the diagnostic criteria of JS from January 2004 to April 2009 at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. All patients had EM captured by video‐EEG. We reviewed and described ictal EEG patterns, interictal abnormalities, and demographics, clinical, and neuroimaging findings. Key Findings:  All patients but one were female (92%). Age at seizure onset ranged from 1.5 to 9 years, with a mean age of 4.9 years. Six patients (50%) were previously diagnosed as having absence epilepsy and 10 patients were on antiepileptic medications. All 12 patients had normal posterior dominant alpha rhythm, reactive to eye opening and closure. Spiky posterior alpha activity was noted with sustained eye closure in six patients (50%). Interictally, there were generalized EDs found in 10 patients (83%); four of them also had focal interictal EDs over the posterior head region. Eleven patients (92%) had evidence of focal posterior ictal EDs. EM and/or paroxysmal EDs were induced by photic stimulation in 9 (75%) and hyperventilation in 7 (58%). Significance:  We observed two neurophysiologic findings in JS: (1) focal interictal EDs from posterior head region; and (2) predominant focal posterior ictal EDs preceding generalized EDs. Further clinical observations of seizures induced by eye closure, photic stimulation, and hyperventilation along with EEG paroxysms would raise the possibility of the occipital cortex initiating generalized epilepsy network involving the brainstem, and thalamocortical and transcortical pathways in JS.

There was an outbreak of Tinea capitis at the Pak-kred Home for Mentally and Physically Handicapped Babies, Bangkok, Thailand in 1993. One hundred and thirty-eight cases were diagnosed as tinea capitis based on clinical signs and positive laboratory investigations. The results of Wood's light examination, KOH preparation and fungal culture were positive in 89.9, 75.9 and 27.4% respectively. The non-inflammatory form had a higher rate of positive KOH and culture than in the inflammatory form. Microsporum ferrugineum was the major pathogen (66.7%) and most of its infections (80.4%) caused a non-inflammatory type of tinea capitis. Griseofulvin, in a dosage of 10-15 mg/kg/day and selenium sulfide shampoos, yielded an 84.8% cure rate within 14.9 weeks. No recurrence or obvious adverse reactions were observed.

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