Background: According to the published literature, Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in spinal cord injury (SCI). Many studies were done earlier to find out different factors which predispose the SCI population to the risk of vitamin deficiency, but correlation with any such factor is still uncertain. Studies from India are scarce. The present study was conducted in view of this lacuna in existing knowledge in India and in the developing countries, to observe the levels of Vitamin D in traumatic SCI patients admitted for rehabilitation.Methods: In this prospective, observational, multicentre study, all patients admitted consecutively in the three study centres, satisfying the selection criteria were included. The level of 25-OH Vitamin D was assessed by Chemiluminescence procedure. Vitamin D level <20 ng/ml was taken as deficient, 20-29ng/ml as insufficient, ≥30 ng/ml was the optimum and ≥150 ng/ml was taken as toxic level.Results: Among 56 patients of traumatic spinal cord injury who were included in the study, having mean age of 32.32±11.82 years, only 14 (25%) were having optimum Vitamin D level. 25 (45%) subjects were deficient in Vitamin D, whereas 16 (28%) were having insufficient levels. One subject was found to have toxic level of Vitamin D (156 ng/ml). No differences of Vitamin D levels were observed between demographic and clinical groups.Conclusions: Although a high rate of Vitamin D deficiency was encountered in SCI individuals, the role of different factors causing Vitamin D deficiency remains unproven. Also the amount of Vitamin D required to forestall insufficiency is still unknown, indicating a necessity for more studies with well-defined outcome measures.
Ambulation is a major concern in cerebral palsy (CP) rehabilitation. The present study was carried out in 175 CP cases, belonging to the age group of 2 years and above. The aim of the article was to identify the independent ambulators in different types of CP, to study the age of achieving independent ambulation, and to determine some parameters that affect ambulatory outcome.Among 175 cases, 69 (39.4%) cases were found to be able to walk independently. Of this, the maximum number of cases were children with spastic hemiplegia, 37 of 39 (94.9%), followed by children with spastic paraplegia, 7 of 18 (41.1%) and diplegia, 15 of 45 (33.1%). Majority of these children were found to have either normal intelligence or mild degree of mental retardation (MR). Degree of spasticity was mild in these cases. Majority of the children who were able to walk had achieved independent sitting by 2 years of age, i.e., in 54 of 69 (78.3%) cases.The present study highlights that CP children with spastic hemiplegia had the highest potential for independent walking. Spasticity of mild degree in association with a normal intelligence or mild degree of MR and achievement of independent sitting by 2 years of age appear to be favorable for ambulation.
Hypertension is a very common chronic disease world wide, and stroke is one of it's complications if not treated properly. In Bangladesh, women have traditionally tended to overlook their own disease states when a male member of the family is already afflicted. The cross sectional observational study was carried out to explore the knowledge, attitude and perception hypertensive females have towards stroke between July 2012 and December 2012 at HFRCMCH. Admitted and outdoor female hypertensive patients were randomly selected; with their consent they were asked to respond to a prestructured questionnaire. We found that 52% of our cohort identified the brain as being the organ involved in stroke; however 35% still believed it to be a disease of the heart. Around 80% of the patients did understand the complications and impact stroke would have on their daily lives; however, there were some conceptual misunderstandings with regards to the risk factors and warning signs. Hypertensive women need to have a clearer concept regarding their own disease, understand the warning signs and the risk factor of stroke and in turn create a greater awareness of the link between hypertension and stroke.
The recovery of upper extremity (UE) function after stroke is slower and less complete than return of mobility. Neuroplasticity is the key mechanism underlying improvement in functional outcome after stroke. Robotic devices can stimulate neuroplasticity by providing high-intensity, repetitive, task-specific training. Aim of this prospective randomized controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy of Robot-assisted therapy as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation program in management of UE weakness in stroke patients in terms of motor recovery & functional outcome. Sixty four patients, having stroke duration less than two years, included in the study (n=64) and divided in two groups. Thirty two subjects in control group received conventional rehabilitation program & thirty two in study group additionally received Robot-assisted therapy using over four weeks. Assessment was done pretreatment, at 1 month & at 4 months. The outcome measures were:Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) score for upper extremity & Motor Activity Log scale(MAL) comprising of Amount of Use(AOU) score and Quality of Use (QOU) score. Chi-Square test and paired t test were used. Results were considered significant at 5% that is P value<0.05. The study group exhibited greater motor recovery than the control group on the FMA scores at 1month and 4months. The mean AOU and QOS scores of MAL in the study group were also better than that of control group at 1month and 4months. So it can be concluded thatRobot-assisted therapy can be used as a complement to conventional therapy for improving UE function in stroke.
Introduction: Stroke is an omnipresent health problem that causes impairments in multiple domains and often leads to serious long-lasting consequences like pathological gait patterns. Gait rehabilitation is an important criterion for improvement in functionality. Body Weight Supported Treadmill Training (BWSTT) is being used as a method of gait rehabilitation, but efficiency of this method beyond traditional training is lacking evidence. Aim: To evaluate the effect of body weight supported treadmill training on gait recovery, lower limb function and dynamic balance in chronic stroke patients. Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled trial conducted in the Department of Neurorehabilitation of a specialty hospital, on 30 ambulatory chronic stroke patients having post stroke duration of six months or more. Study subjects were randomised into two groups. Group A received BWSTT with conventional rehabilitation for four weeks. Group B received only conventional rehabilitation for four weeks. Duration of conventional rehabilitation was 40 minutes in each group. Along with that group A received 20 minutes BWSTT and group B received 20 minutes of conventional gait training. Therapy was given three days a week. Assessment tools were Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Cadence, 10 metre Walk Test and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The paired t-test was used for intragroup analysis and the unpaired t-test was used for intergroup analysis. Results: Total of 30 patients were registered in the study with mean age (years) 52.07±3.6736 and 52.40±3.906 for group A and group B, respectively. There was significant improvement in all outcome measures, e.g., BBS, TUG, 10 metre walk test and Cadence, in both the groups, pre and post intervention, but group A showed statistically significant improvement in parameters like dynamic balance, walking speed, and postural control and walking function (p<0.05). Conclusion: The BWSTT offers improvement in gait, in terms of walking speed, dynamic balance, posture control, that is significantly more than that of conventional gait training, as found in this study. The BWSTT might be included as a part of stroke rehabilitation program. Further multicentre studies with larger samples can throw more light on the intensity, dosage and methods of using BWSTT.
The presentation of mental illness and understanding of the patient's experience with regard to psychopathology is quite unique and cannot be generalized due to the diverse etiological factors. In understanding and managing psychopathology, cultural knowledge plays a vital role. It has been seen that most of the interventions, in a similar fashion, need an understanding of historical roots in the specific cultural background and they also shape the psychotherapy models. The current case shows us the development of psychopathology with regard to cultural belief as well as discerning the symptom profile associated with it. Mr X, a 41-year-old gentleman from a rural area of Assam, presented with complaints about a "living thing" inhabiting his abdomen for the last 2 years and has been growing ever since. He claims that an enraged faith healer with incredible powers had done so to him. He was diagnosed with persistent delusional disorder at LGBRIMH and was managed with both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions. In nonpharmacological interventions, coping strategies and insight-oriented psychotherapy in context to his cultural beliefs were given. Significant improvement was seen after 2 months and at 3 months his socio-occupational functioning improved as well.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.