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Background: Inguinal hernia is one of the most common surgical pathologies. Research studies on clinical factors predisposing a person for the development of inguinal hernia, however, remain scarce. Aims and objective: the present study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for the development of inguinal hernia in adult males. Material and Methods: The study was done for a period of one year (January 2015 to December 2015) among the people attending surgical outpatient and inpatient department at Government Medical College and ESIC Hospital, coimbatore. Results: The study population included 130 patients with inguinal hernia , 95% were males and the majority 23% belonged to 41 to 50 years. Approximately 23.8% presented with bilateral inguinal hernia at the time of first presentation. The common risk factors found were heavy object lifting and chronic cough and other co morbid illness. Conclusion: The study had shown a slightly high incidence of bilateral inguinal hernia with the commonest risk factors being chronic cough and heavy weight lifting and affecting the productive group of Esi population.

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The Permutation Flow shop Scheduling Problem is a typical combinational optimization problem and has been proved to be strongly NP-hard. This paper deals with B-GRASP algorithm meta-heuristic in finding the solution and in analyzing the best the optimal schedule, thus minimizing the bi-objectives such as weighted makespan and total flow time. The proposed approach is evaluated using benchmark problems taken from Taillard and compared with simulated annealing algorithm. Computational experiments indicate that the proposed B-GRASP algorithm is a feasible and effective approach for the multiobjective problem.

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