The purpose of this paper is to document the impact of movies/cinema on Indian culture and to investigate the ongoing cultural transformations that have happened over a point of time in India owing to the contributions made by Indian cinema. Moreover, an attempt is made to understand how Indian movies have initiated various changes with regards to thought process on one hand and lifestyle on the other. A purposive sampling of 20 young individuals from various universities were selected. Methodology adopted is qualitative in nature, based upon structured and in‐depth interviews which enabled the respondents to opine regarding their understanding of the change. There has been changes with regards to the institutions of marriage and instances of live in relationships have come of age and there has been a constant and continuous shift from joint families to nuclear families. Elaborating on the changes in the cultural practices; preferences have changed with regards to food habits, clothing, choice of career options and belief system. The distinctive contribution of the present paper is to offer an understanding of the impact of movies on Indian culture especially on the youth extracting information from the structured and in‐depth interviews. This paper also tries to document the behavioral changes in the youth as a bi‐product of films. Moreover, the present study attempts to view youth from cultural film theory perspective for India in general and on youths in particular.
Sustainable ocean tourism is required to establish a balance between the environmental, economic, social and cultural aspects of ocean tourism development. Sustainable ocean tourism also contributes to local and national economies, enhancing the quality of social life and protecting the ecology. Sustainable ocean tourism expands the positive contribution of tourism to biodiversity conservation and poverty reduction and aims to attain the common goals of sustainable developments for ocean tourism. Sustainable ocean tourism is possible due to the roles of regulators and private and government institutions. Government policies, regulations and guidelines play vital roles towards achieving the sustainability of ocean tourism. However, the role of institutions also cannot be ignored, which provide support in the innovation of technologies and the implementation of policies. The paper targets to investigate the roles of regulations, policies and institutions in the sustainability of ocean tourism. A primary online survey on the perception of tourism experts was conducted for this study using Google Forms. The tourism experts were invited from all over the world to participate in the survey. The study received a total of 33 responses, out of which only 30 valid responses were considered. Using the Tobit regression model, the study found that, while regulations in India relative to foreign countries significantly boost the sustainability of ocean tourism, government policies and public institutions in India relative to foreign countries remain insignificant in predicting the sustainability of ocean tourism. Therefore, government policies and public institutions in India need to be revised and reformulated to make them important drivers of the sustainability of ocean tourism.
The transgender community/communities (Henceforth, referred to as TGC) has been facing numerous hardships and challenges, which subsequently acts as a deterrent in their social, cultural and economic development. Education, which acts as an emancipation for all social evils is also quite very low for these communities. In this context, the paper seeks to understand the educational rights for the TGC in India. | INTRODUCTIONThe transgender community (henceforth, referred to as TGC) are individuals born with male or female anatomies but they feel radically different from their bodily structure Rafeek, 2015). As per census 2011, there are around 4.9-lakh third gender in the country who faces social discrimination and harassment (Rajkumar, 2016). Mostly abandoned by family they become subjects of humiliation. TGC have suffered great injustices in the previous three centuries. They have been marginalised, socially, economically and educationally (Chandra, 2017).Census data also reveals that 46% of the TGC have some level of education (Chandra, 2017). Rafeek (2015) has also highlighted that TGC are deprived of their basic human rights.International Covenant of Social, Cultural and Educational Rights adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1966 clearly expresses that rights should be progressively realised, without any discrimination on the basis of sex, race, caste, colour and so forth. It recognises the rights of the individual to have adequate living conditions, with social security, family life, employment opportunities, and health access. All these rights can be realised by realising another right mentioned in the covenant, that is, the Right to Education. Therefore, the realisation of the Right to Education can be put first in the order of priority among these rights as it enables the development of human potential to its fullest and awards a sense of dignity. In this paper, the authors have tried to understand the right to education from the perspective of TGC and how far the policy has been successful in addressing their issues and concerns.
The growing use of the internet has provided a conducive platform for miscreants to engage in the misuse of information and communication technology (ICT). It has resulted in a potential threat to individuals in terms of cybercrimes. In general, cybercrimes are increasing at a rapid pace in India. The most vulnerable group targeted in cybercrimes in India has been women and girls. Using purposive sampling method for the selection of sample, this study focuses on cybercrimes against women in India and their impact on the victims. Awareness about cybercrimes is minimal. Historically, women have been subjected to various kinds and forms of discrimination and crimes, the newest being cybercrimes. Results exhibit that computer literacy is higher among males than females, which is a factor in women being more vulnerable to cybercrimes. The suppression of cybercrimes affects the victim psychologically through depression, fear, anxiety, and withdrawal from cyberspace. To overcome these kinds of effects, victims often share the situation they have faced with friends, close acquaintances, and family members.
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