Shoot tip explants of the hybrid cultivar 'Pioneer' responded poorly to initial attempts to establish shoot proliferating cultures on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2 or 4/zM benzyladenine (BA) with a four week subculture interval. A combination of weekly subcultures and an MS medium containing 2 /zM BA produced shoot proliferating cultures sufficient for micropropagation. Shoot organogenesis was obtained when callus derived from internodes of actively elongating shoots was transferred from a primary medium containing various cytokinins to a secondary medium containing MS salts and 10 #M BA. These small shoots elongated when transferred to a medium containing 2.5 /zM BA. Adventitious shoots also differentiated on leaf tissue of 'Pioneer' elm. These shoots appeared to differentiate with little if any intervening callus from the margins of leaves of in vitro grown shoots where these leaves touched the medium (MS medium containing 2/~M BA). Tissue cultured shoots from all sources were rooted, acclimated, and transplanted to the greenhouse or field with good success.
Radiolabelled daminozide and maleic hydrazide (MH) were injected into American elm seedlings, kept in nutrient solution, to determine their translocation pattern and metabolic fate. Both compounds were rapidly translocated to all parts of the plant.After 21 days, 13 % of the applied 14C was exuded into the nutrient solution from the roots of the plants treated with MH. Using gel-filtration and thin-layer chromatographic techniques, it was determined that daminozide did not form any metabolite, and that MH was converted into a MH-sugar complex. A significant amount of 14C was unextractable from the plant tissue.
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