No abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi aplicar o Método de Monte Carlo (MMC) na análise econômica de uma piscicultura familiar no estado do Pará. Utilizou-se a metodologia do custo operacional e indicadores de eficiência econômica para avaliação de uma criação de tambaqui Colossoma macropomum em viveiros escavados com total de 7.200 m2 de lâmina d’água. Posteriormente, uma análise de risco utilizando o MMC foi efetuada através do software @RISK, a fim de atestar a capacidade de pagamento do empreendedor no caso da obtenção de crédito rural por meio do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar. O Investimento Total foi estimado em R$ 94.119,00, o Custo Operacional Total por kg em R$ 6,04, o Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) em R$ 97.022,32, a Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) em 33%, a Relação Benefício Custo (RBC) em R$ 1,27 e o Período de Retorno do Capital (PRC) em 3,4 anos. Na análise de risco, as probabilidades de obtenção dos valores previstos no projeto para o VPL, a TIR, a RBC e o PRC foram 42%, 51,2%, 52,5% e 74,2%, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que o empreendimento é rentável e a aplicação do MMC na análise econômica pode auxiliar determinantemente nas tomadas de decisão do investidor.
The objective of this study was to analyze the history and current status of tilapia farming in the state of Pará. Field observations and interviews were carried out with government agency technicians and fish farmers, from January 2014 to December 2016. It was found that the tilapia was brought to Pará State in the 1970s and, currently, the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the only species produced. The minimum slaughter weight of 200 grams, marketing in whole form to the detriment of the filleted fish in the retail market, and the absence of sex reversal initiatives are peculiar features of Pará state’s tilapia farming, as compared with that of the other Brazilian states.
Background This is the first record of the alien shrimp Mierspenaeopsis sculptilis in Brazil. The invasion was detected within Marine Extractive Reserves based on eight specimens accidentally caught by local fishermen using trawlnets focused on fisheries of native species. These specimens were transported to the Laboratory of Applied Genetics and morphologically identified as Mierspenaeopsis sculptilis (rainbow shrimp). The taxonomic status of analyzed samples was confirmed by DNA barcoding using a 627-bp fragment of the Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene. Results A single haplotype was recovered from the eight specimens, being identical to a haplotype reported in India, where this species naturally occurs, and in Mozambique, where the rainbow shrimp is considered an invasive species. The present analyses indicated a putative invasive route (i.e., India-Mozambique-Brazil) mediated by shipping trade. Conclusions This study presents the first record of Mierspenaeopsis sculptilis in Brazil, in areas of extractive reserves on the Amazon coast. Notably exotic species can cause imbalance in the ecosystem, harming native species. In view of this, the registration of new invasions is essential as they contribute to the implementation of control plans.
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