Studies were conducted to develop an efficient cutting propagation method for domestic cut roses (Rosa hybrida Hort.). Three experiments were conducted in controlled environment growth chambers to investigate the effect of node position where the cuttings were taken, and number of leaflets left on each cutting, and light intensity on rooting and growth of the sapling. Domestic cut rose cultivars used in the first experiment for the effect of node position were standard type 'Pink Song' and 'Gouni', and spray type 'Little Sun' and 'May.' In the second experiment for the effect of number of leaflets left, standard type 'Pink Song', 'Orange Beauty' and 'Gummack', and spray type 'May' were used. In the third experiment for the effect of light intensity, standard type 'Red Sun' and 'Gouni', and spray type 'Little Sun' and 'May' were used. Cuttings were taken from third node positions each with a five leaflet. Each cutting had either 1, 3, or 5 leaflets by removing the rest of leaflets among five leaflets. Three light intensities used were 90, 180, and 270 µmol m -2 s -1
SURF4, which is located in the Surfeit gene cluster, encodes for a conserved integral membrane protein containing multiple putative transmembrane regions. However, the physiological role of SURF4 has not been determined. We found that SURF4 demonstrated aberrant amplification and increased expression in the tumor tissues of several human cancer patients. Overexpression of SURF4 led to increased cell proliferation, migration, and maintenance of anchorage-independent growth. In addition, NIH3T3 cells overexpressing SURF4 induced tumor growth in the mice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that SURF4 has the potential for inducing cellular transformation and cell migration in vitro and has oncogenic transformation ability in vivo.
We report 2 cases of chronic estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline after unilateral adrenalectomy due to primary aldosteronism. The patients were diagnosed with unilateral adrenal cortical adenoma releasing aldosterone. Two patients were examined for hypertension and hypokalemia. Unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed in both cases, and pathology confirmed adrenal cortical adenoma. After adrenalectomy, hypertension and hypokalemia improved to within normal range. However, the eGFR decreased postoperatively, and abdominal computed tomography scan showed decreased kidney size compared to previous images. Kidney biopsy was performed to delineate the exact cause of renal function deterioration and revealed hypertensive changes with chronic interstitial changes, indicating that glomerular hyperfiltration with aldosterone excess masked renal function damage. Physicians have to consider the probability of postadrenalectomy eGFR decline related to chronic hypertensive change.
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. Novel biomarkers of ccRCC may provide crucial information on tumor features and prognosis. The present study aimed to determine whether the expression of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor subunit θ (GABRQ) could serve as a novel prognostic marker of ccRCC. GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain that activates the receptor GABAA, which is comprised of three subunit isoforms: GABRA3, GABRB3 and GABRQ. A recent study reported that GABRQ is involved in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma; however, the role of GABRQ in ccRCC remains unknown. In the present study, clinical and transcriptomic data were obtained from cohorts of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Differential GABRQ expression levels among early (TI and II), late (TIII and IV), nonmetastatic (M0) and metastatic (M1, primary tumor) stages of ccRCC samples were then identified. Furthermore, the use of GABRQ as a prognostic gene was analyzed using Uno's C-index based on the time-dependent area under the curve (AUC), the AUC of the receiver operating characteristic curve at 5 years, the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and multivariate analysis. The survival curve analysis revealed that low GABRQ mRNA expression was significantly associated with a poor prognosis of ccRCC (P<0.001 and P=0.0012 for TCGA and ICGC data, respectively). In addition, analyses of the C-index and AUC values further supported this discriminatory power. Furthermore, the prognostic value of GABRQ mRNA expression was confirmed by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Taken together, these results suggested that GABRQ mRNA expression may be considered as a novel prognostic biomarker of ccRCC.
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