Isoflavone is a representative functional components in soybean, and especially aglycones (daidzein, genistein, and glycitein) are known to have high physiological activities. This study aimed to examine an effective processing method for generating a high content of aglycone during soybean germination, roasting and steaming. Our results reveal an increasing aglycone content with increasing treatment time during germination, roasting and steaming. In particular, it was confirmed that the glycoside isoflavones are efficiently converted into aglycones during the roasting process. After roasting for 16 minutes, the fold-increase contents of daidzein was about 102 times (1.78→180.08 µg/g dw), and genistein was about 433 times (0.49→212.47 µg/g dw). In addition, content of the barely detectable glycitein was confirmed and determined to be 59.84 µg/g. Soybeans with high aglycone isoflavones are expected to exhibit higher absorption of functional components in the human body, and impart physiological activity than other soybeans.
This study was undertaken to evaluate the physiological activities for subsequent utilization of Deodeok (Codonopsis lanceolata Trautv.) buds as a new functional food. Deodeok buds (CLS-A∼D) were classified according to the growth length. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the 70% ethanol extracts ranged from 580.82 to 719.56 mg GAE/100 g, and 287.45 to 398.52 mg CE/100 g, respectively. The contents tended to decrease with increasing growth length of Deodeok buds. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity of CLS-B were determined to be 622.87 and 436.98 mg AA eq/100 g, respectively, showing the highest antioxidant activity. Similar to other contents, increasing growth length resulted in decreased antioxidant activity. Moreover, tyrosinase, α-glucosidase, and elastase enzyme inhibitory activities of Deodeok buds also showed best inhibitory effect in CLS-B. Considering the result of this study, we confirm the possibility of wide application of Deodeok buds as a new functional food material.
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