RESUMOA garantia do fornecimento de uma água de qualidade destinada ao consumo humano é uma questão relevante para a saúde pública, sobretudo quando a água ofertada é dependente de meios alternativos, como os chamados caminhões-pipa. Entretanto, a grande preocupação quanto a esse tipo de transporte de água está relacionada aos diversos riscos de contaminações que podem ocorrer. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade bacteriológica da água para consumo direto (ingestão) comercializada por caminhões-pipa, destinada ao abastecimento da cidade de Caruaru-PE. Foram analisadas 10 amostras, obtidas de cinco caminhões-pipa, por meio da Técnica dos Tubos Múltiplos, para a identificação de Pseudomonas aeruginosa e do grupo coliforme e, da técnica pour plate, para a contagem de bactérias heterotróficas. Os resultados revelaram a presença dos grupos bacterianos testados na maioria das amostras analisadas. Foi verificado que o tempo era um fator que contribuia para o aumento do índice de contaminação. Conclui-se que esse tipo de comércio acaba fornecendo uma água que não atende aos requisitos de potabilidade e com um alto risco de contaminação, sendo imprópria para o consumo humano.Palavras-chave: água potável, coliforme, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacteriological analysis of drinking water sold by water tank trucks ABSTRACTAssuring the quality of the supply of water for human consumption is important for public health, especially when delivery of the water is dependent on alternative means, such as tanker trucks. The major concern about this kind of water transport is the risk of contamination. This study therefore evaluated the bacteriological quality of water sold by water trucks that supply the city of Caruaru-PE, Brazil. Ten samples from five trucks were analyzed using the technique of multiple tubes for the identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and coliform, and the pour plate technique for counting heterotrophic bacteria was also used. The results revealed the
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a calcium phosphate compound that is used as a substitute for damaged body tissues, such as bone and dental implants. HA has been synthesized from the serai snail shells and the mangrove crab of west Tanjung Jabung, Jambi province using the dry method. Calcination of the shell at 1000 °C for 12 hours produces CaO, then contact of CaO with air produces Ca(OH)2 which is used as a source of calcium in HA synthesis. Milling time variations for 0 hours, 3 hours, and 6 hours. Sintering at 600 °C for 2 hours produces HA as characterized by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and particle size analysis using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). HA which has the highest accuracy of lattice parameters is that which is milling for 3 hours. The diffraction pattern shows the formation of the HA phase accompanied by several other calcium phosphate phases at an angle of 2θ. The FTIR spectrum shows the presence of PO4 3- and OH−groups from HA. PSA analysis shows the longer the milling makes the smaller particle size.
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