This article describes a two-phased research project that piloted a modified mindfulnessbased stress reduction (MBSR) intervention developed specifically for a severely economically disadvantaged population. The terms severely economically disadvantaged (SED) and ''severely marginalised'' were used to describe the participants who experience socioeconomic disadvantage and social isolation as well as significant medical, psychological, physical, and learning challenges. Phase one of the project consisted of community focus groups to determine what types of mindfulness-based interventions would most benefit this population. Based on this feedback, the first author developed a modified MBSR intervention he called radical mindfulness training (or RMT). Phase two was a pilot study of RMT with 11 SED participants who accessed services at a local community health centre; eight participants completed the program, and seven of the participants completed Self Compassion and Satisfaction with Life scales and qualitative interviews. Results revealed an overall mean increase in self compassion and satisfaction with life after completing the program. Qualitative findings provided further evidence of the nature of the participants' perceived effectiveness of this program. The authors conclude that the findings from his limited exploratory study substantiate the need for further study of the RMT program.This article presents the development and study of a modified mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention for severely economically disadvantaged (SED) people who are socially marginalised and living with multiple and severe difficulties. Mindfulness can be described as a process of bringing a certain quality of attention to moment-by-moment experience (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). It involves the self-regulation of attention, which involves sustained attention, attention switching, and inhibition of elaborative processing. The ability to evoke mindfulness is developed using various

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is an academic, author, and humanitarian activist. He teaches at Carleton University and is cofounder of War Child Canada. His recent works are a coedited book entitled Human Rights and the Internet and several journal articles on the social implications of the Internet and its application for social activists. He is currently writing a social work textbook; implementing children's rights projects in Palestine, Sierra Leone, and Colombia; and researching the use of educational technologies with universities in Cuba.ABSTRACT: The nature of armed conflict has changed since the rise of globalization and the end of the Cold War. Now wars predominantly take the lives of civilians, over half of whom are children. This article examines the effects of armed conflict on children. In particular, it discusses refugee and internally displaced children, child soldiers, the sexual assault and exploitation of girls, and children traumatized by war. How the international community should respond to protect children and prevent war is explored in relation to the political and economic context within which wars occur.

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