Background
Limited data currently exist on SARS-CoV-2 infections among fully vaccinated persons or reinfections in college-aged populations. CDC partnered with National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) institutions to analyze retrospective data and present characteristics of positive COVID-19 cases among student athletes 18 years of age and older.
Methods
De-identified, individual-level data contributed by 21 universities on 1378 student athletes who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 from January through November 2021 (pre-Omicron) were examined to determine percentages of infection among unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and fully vaccinated individuals (breakthrough infections) as well as reinfections. Comparisons by demographic characteristics and regions were also made to further characterize these infections.
Results
Among the 1378 student athletes positive for SARS-CoV-2, 1070 (77.6%) were infected when unvaccinated and 22.4% (N = 308) were infected after full vaccination. There was a significant difference between Black (14.7%, n = 40) and White (23.9%, n = 168) student athletes who experienced a COVID-19 infection after being fully vaccinated (p < 0.01). Proportions of infections among fully vaccinated individuals did not differ statistically by sex (p = 0.06).
Conclusions
This paper adds to the knowledge of COVID-19 infections among fully vaccinated individuals in college-aged populations. The level of infections among fully vaccinated student athletes indicates the need for maintaining precautions to prevent infection. Further study of COVID-19 vaccination, infection, and reinfection among the well-resourced and diverse population of student athletes might contribute further understanding of factors that play a role in health equity among young adults.
How have North American Muslims been equipped to deal with discouragement following September 11? One answer to this question is through khutbahs, or Friday sermons, in various Islamic centers in the United States and Canada. This may especially be true with khutbahs that exemplify “reimaginative preaching,” a type of preaching discussed by Old Testament scholar Walter Brueggemann that enables listeners to interpret their existence differently for the sake of new possibility. Utilizing Brueggemann’s framework provides a unique perspective on Islamic preaching. It reveals that by offering a key principle linked to a verse or brief portion of the Quran, preachers of certain khutbahs present an intended phenomenological structure of disruption and refiguration in order to enable listeners to deal with discouragement.
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