Debates regarding theory and practice in social work have often avoided detailed discussion regarding the nature of knowledge itself and the various ways this can be created. As a result, positivistic conceptions of knowledge are still assumed by many to be axiomatic, such that context-dependent and practitioner-oriented approaches to knowledge creation and use are assumed to lack epistemological rigor and credibility. By drawing on epistemology, this theoretical paper outlines the case for a renewed approach to knowledge definition, creation and use within social work by reference to pragmatism. Pragmatism has the potential to act as an organizing theoretical framework, taking account of the role of both ontology and epistemology, acting as a functional methodology for the further enhancement of practice-based knowledge.
This study explored how social workers defined, produced, used, developed and disseminated knowledge within their everyday practice. A mixed-methods approach utilised Q-factor/Centroid (Exploratory) Factor Analysis (CFA) (n=37) and post-Q-sort semi-structured interviews to identify latent variables relating to perceptions and practices concerning ‘knowledge work’. Results suggest that the type of practice social workers were engaged in, the context and nature of the practice situation itself and expectations of employing organisations had a significant influence on practitioner knowledge and the way research findings were utilised. Conclusions suggest that the range of knowledge currently seen to be required in order to inform social worker practice is highly influenced by systemic factors, and the profession needs to reconsider its stance regarding the forms and types of knowledge deemed to be acceptable in and for practice. The findings have significant implications for both qualifying education and post-qualifying training and development. Original data is available for inspection upon written request to the author.Keywords: practice-based knowledge; mixed methods; epistemology; pragmatism.
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